应用与环境生物学报
應用與環境生物學報
응용여배경생물학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED & ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
2009年
6期
768-773
,共6页
庞学勇%包维楷%江元明%王成
龐學勇%包維楷%江元明%王成
방학용%포유해%강원명%왕성
土壤物理性质%植被类型%容重%持水性能%孔隙度%九寨沟自然保护区%黄龙自然保护区
土壤物理性質%植被類型%容重%持水性能%孔隙度%九寨溝自然保護區%黃龍自然保護區
토양물이성질%식피류형%용중%지수성능%공극도%구채구자연보호구%황룡자연보호구
soil physical property%vegetation type%bulk density%water-holding capacity%porosity%Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve%Huanglong Nature Reserve
森林土壤的结构和贮水保水能力是决定土壤水分及其时空分布的关键,九寨沟和黄龙自然保护区均是以水为灵魂,其水量的多少及时空分布格局对景区景点的视觉观赏效果具有十分重要的作用.通过对几寨沟和黄龙核心景区原始林与次生林土壤容重、持水性能和孔隙度等指标的监测,探讨了不同植被类型下土壤结构及持水能力状况.结果表明:(1)由于较早地得到保护,九寨沟景区原始林、桦槭次生林土壤物理性质均优于四川西部其它同类犁植被,与此相反,人工云杉纯林土壤物理性质明显劣于其它植被类型,可能主要与云杉平根系统对土壤膨胀挤压和单优势乔木群落所形成的不利微气候影响有机物分解归还土壤有关;(2)在黄龙核心景区的原始云、冷杉林,发育于坡积母质的土壤物理性质明显优于发育于钙华母质卜的土壤物理性质.图3表1参31
森林土壤的結構和貯水保水能力是決定土壤水分及其時空分佈的關鍵,九寨溝和黃龍自然保護區均是以水為靈魂,其水量的多少及時空分佈格跼對景區景點的視覺觀賞效果具有十分重要的作用.通過對幾寨溝和黃龍覈心景區原始林與次生林土壤容重、持水性能和孔隙度等指標的鑑測,探討瞭不同植被類型下土壤結構及持水能力狀況.結果錶明:(1)由于較早地得到保護,九寨溝景區原始林、樺槭次生林土壤物理性質均優于四川西部其它同類犛植被,與此相反,人工雲杉純林土壤物理性質明顯劣于其它植被類型,可能主要與雲杉平根繫統對土壤膨脹擠壓和單優勢喬木群落所形成的不利微氣候影響有機物分解歸還土壤有關;(2)在黃龍覈心景區的原始雲、冷杉林,髮育于坡積母質的土壤物理性質明顯優于髮育于鈣華母質蔔的土壤物理性質.圖3錶1參31
삼림토양적결구화저수보수능력시결정토양수분급기시공분포적관건,구채구화황룡자연보호구균시이수위령혼,기수량적다소급시공분포격국대경구경점적시각관상효과구유십분중요적작용.통과대궤채구화황룡핵심경구원시림여차생림토양용중、지수성능화공극도등지표적감측,탐토료불동식피류형하토양결구급지수능력상황.결과표명:(1)유우교조지득도보호,구채구경구원시림、화축차생림토양물이성질균우우사천서부기타동류리식피,여차상반,인공운삼순림토양물이성질명현렬우기타식피류형,가능주요여운삼평근계통대토양팽창제압화단우세교목군락소형성적불리미기후영향유궤물분해귀환토양유관;(2)재황룡핵심경구적원시운、랭삼림,발육우파적모질적토양물이성질명현우우발육우개화모질복적토양물이성질.도3표1삼31
Forest soil structure and water-holding capacity are key factors controlling soil water, and its temporal and spatial distribution. The Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong nature reserves in Sichuan, China are famous for their wonderful water areas. Therefore, water quantity and its pattern of temporal and spatial distribution there are quite important to attract visitors' eyes. The soil bulk density, water-holding capacity and soil porosity were investigated to study the structure and water-holding status of soil in main vegetation types of core areas of the Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong natural reserves. The results showed that: (1) Due to early protection in Jiuzhaigou, soil physical properties in primary forest and birch-maple secondary forest were better than those in the same vegetation types in other regions of western Sichuan, while the soil under pure spruce plantation was compacted and had lower water-holding capacity, which was perhaps caused by the flat root system extruding soil and unfavorable microclimate condition inhibiting the decomposition of organic matter in soil; (2) Under primary spruce and fir forest, soil physical properties were better in parent material of slope deposits than in parent material of calcified deposits in the Huanglong Nature Reserve. Fig 3, Tab 1, Ref 31