动物学报
動物學報
동물학보
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
2005年
3期
447-454
,共8页
斑腿树蛙%蝌蚪%遗传毒性%杀虫剂%除草剂%慧星试验%敌敌畏%丁草胺
斑腿樹蛙%蝌蚪%遺傳毒性%殺蟲劑%除草劑%慧星試驗%敵敵畏%丁草胺
반퇴수와%과두%유전독성%살충제%제초제%혜성시험%활활외%정초알
Rhacophorus megacephalus%Tadpole%Genotoxicity%Pesticide%Herbicides%Alkaline comet assay%Dichlorvos%Butachlor
敌敌畏和丁草胺是我国农田中使用最普遍的杀虫剂和除草剂,这些农田化学物质对当地的水生动物及种群造成很大威胁.本文以广泛分布于我国南方农田区域的斑腿树蛙蝌蚪为研究对象,用碱性单细胞电泳方法(或慧星试验)对暴露在不同浓度的敌敌畏(2.08,4.16,6.24,8.32,10.40 mg/L)和丁草胺(0.1025,0.205,0.410,0.820,1.230 mg/L)溶液中的蝌蚪进行了遗传毒性的检测.结果表明:在实验室条件下,随着农药浓度的增加,蝌蚪的DNA损伤(DNA尾长与尾宽比)随之增加;敌敌畏浓度为2.08 mg/L和丁草胺浓度为0.41 mg/L时,对蝌蚪造成显著的损伤,而且农药的剂量与蝌蚪的DNA损伤(DNA尾长与尾宽比)呈显著的线性关系:敌敌畏,y=1.136±0.0083x,r=0.957,P<0.01;丁草胺,y=0.968±0.0093x,r=0.964,P<0.01.本研究表明这两种农药对我国的两栖动物具有遗传毒性作用;同时也表明,在检测环境污染物对蝌蚪的基因毒性方面,碱性单细胞电泳分析是一种合适的方法[动物学报 51(3):447-454,2005].
敵敵畏和丁草胺是我國農田中使用最普遍的殺蟲劑和除草劑,這些農田化學物質對噹地的水生動物及種群造成很大威脅.本文以廣汎分佈于我國南方農田區域的斑腿樹蛙蝌蚪為研究對象,用堿性單細胞電泳方法(或慧星試驗)對暴露在不同濃度的敵敵畏(2.08,4.16,6.24,8.32,10.40 mg/L)和丁草胺(0.1025,0.205,0.410,0.820,1.230 mg/L)溶液中的蝌蚪進行瞭遺傳毒性的檢測.結果錶明:在實驗室條件下,隨著農藥濃度的增加,蝌蚪的DNA損傷(DNA尾長與尾寬比)隨之增加;敵敵畏濃度為2.08 mg/L和丁草胺濃度為0.41 mg/L時,對蝌蚪造成顯著的損傷,而且農藥的劑量與蝌蚪的DNA損傷(DNA尾長與尾寬比)呈顯著的線性關繫:敵敵畏,y=1.136±0.0083x,r=0.957,P<0.01;丁草胺,y=0.968±0.0093x,r=0.964,P<0.01.本研究錶明這兩種農藥對我國的兩棲動物具有遺傳毒性作用;同時也錶明,在檢測環境汙染物對蝌蚪的基因毒性方麵,堿性單細胞電泳分析是一種閤適的方法[動物學報 51(3):447-454,2005].
활활외화정초알시아국농전중사용최보편적살충제화제초제,저사농전화학물질대당지적수생동물급충군조성흔대위협.본문이엄범분포우아국남방농전구역적반퇴수와과두위연구대상,용감성단세포전영방법(혹혜성시험)대폭로재불동농도적활활외(2.08,4.16,6.24,8.32,10.40 mg/L)화정초알(0.1025,0.205,0.410,0.820,1.230 mg/L)용액중적과두진행료유전독성적검측.결과표명:재실험실조건하,수착농약농도적증가,과두적DNA손상(DNA미장여미관비)수지증가;활활외농도위2.08 mg/L화정초알농도위0.41 mg/L시,대과두조성현저적손상,이차농약적제량여과두적DNA손상(DNA미장여미관비)정현저적선성관계:활활외,y=1.136±0.0083x,r=0.957,P<0.01;정초알,y=0.968±0.0093x,r=0.964,P<0.01.본연구표명저량충농약대아국적량서동물구유유전독성작용;동시야표명,재검측배경오염물대과두적기인독성방면,감성단세포전영분석시일충합괄적방법[동물학보 51(3):447-454,2005].
Dichlorvos and Butachlor are,respectively,the most commonly used pesticide and herbicide in Chinese agriculture.Run-off from fields treated with these agricultural chemicals contaminates various bodies of water,from ditches to lakes and rivers,and could have a negative impact on indigenous aquatic fauna.In this report,the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay or comet assay was performed on erythrocytes from Rhacophorus megacephalus tadpoles following whole-body exposure to increasing concentrations of the tested substances.The animal is common in the agricultural regions of South China.Tadpoles treated for 24 h in the laboratory with different concentrations of the test agents,2.08,4.16,6.24,8.32,10.40 mg/L for Dichlorvos and 0.1025,0.205,0.410,0.820,1.230 mg/L for Butachlor,had significant,dose-responsive increases in the levels of DNA damage,as measured by the mean DNA length:width ratio.Concentrations as low as 2.08 mg/L Dichlorvos and 0.41 mg/L Butachlor resulted in significant increases in DNA damage in the tadpoles.There was a strong linear correlation between the mean DNA length-to-width ratios and the concentrations of the two test substances:Dichlorvos,y=1.136±0.0083x,r=0.957,P<0.01;Butachlor,y=0.968±0.0093x,r=0.964,P<0.01.The results of this study indicate that these two commonly used agricultural chemicals produce DNA damage in an indigenous Chinese amphibian,and that using the Comet assay may be useful for measuring DNA damage in tadpoles exposed in the field[Acta Zoologica Sinica 51(3):447-454,2005].
