CAJ | 학술논문

利用10对微卫星引物对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)长江水系天然群体、人工选育F_4A级群体、F_4B级群体以及江苏射阳群体共95个体进行遗传多样性分析.F_4A、F_4B选育起始群体均来源于固城湖国家级长江水系中华绒螫蟹原种场,射阳群体为江苏省河蟹养殖普遍采用的苗种,其亲本为当地养殖河蟹.结果表明,中华绒螫蟹4个群体的平均观察杂合度(H_o)分别为0.805 3、0.8197、0.8105、0.8100,平均期望杂合度(H_e)分别为0.7149、0.716 1、0.7262、0.7286.其中,人工选育F_4A级以及B级群体的遗传多样性指数均高于天然群体,但是无显著性差异(P>0.05).总体而言,本研究中4个群体的遗传多样性均处在较高水平,其中射阳群体的平均期望杂合度最高,天然群体最低,各群体间遗传多样性亦无显著性差异(P>0.05).聚类分析结果发现,大然群体、F_4A级和F_4B级选育群体聚为一支,而射阳群体单独聚为一支,表明人工选育中华绒螯蟹群体与长江水系天然群体间没有发生显著性遗传分化.
이용10대미위성인물대중화융오해(Eriocheir sinensis)장강수계천연군체、인공선육F_4A급군체、F_4B급군체이급강소사양군체공95개체진행유전다양성분석.F_4A、F_4B선육기시군체균래원우고성호국가급장강수계중화융석해원충장,사양군체위강소성하해양식보편채용적묘충,기친본위당지양식하해.결과표명,중화융석해4개군체적평균관찰잡합도(H_o)분별위0.805 3、0.8197、0.8105、0.8100,평균기망잡합도(H_e)분별위0.7149、0.716 1、0.7262、0.7286.기중,인공선육F_4A급이급B급군체적유전다양성지수균고우천연군체,단시무현저성차이(P>0.05).총체이언,본연구중4개군체적유전다양성균처재교고수평,기중사양군체적평균기망잡합도최고,천연군체최저,각군체간유전다양성역무현저성차이(P>0.05).취류분석결과발현,대연군체、F_4A급화F_4B급선육군체취위일지,이사양군체단독취위일지,표명인공선육중화융오해군체여장강수계천연군체간몰유발생현저성유전분화.
Genetic diversity of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) were analyzed using 10 pairs of microsatellite primers. Ninety-five samples were collected from wild stock in the Yangtze River, selective breeding stocks (F_4A, F_4B) and Sheyang cultured stock in Jiangsu Province. F_4A and F_4B stocks were originated from the animals of national original stock farm of E. sinensis in Gucheng Lake, Jiangsu. Sheyang cultured stock were offspring of local cultured crabs. The results showed that the average observed heterozygosities (H_o) of four stocks were 0.805 3,0.819 7,0.810 5 and 0.810 0 respectively, and the average expected heterozygosities (H_e) were 0.714 9,0.716 1,0.726 2 and 0.728 6 respectively. The genetic diversities of selective breeding stocks (F_4A and F_4B) were higher than that of the wild stock, but there were no significant difference among them (P>0.05). Furthermore, the four stocks in the present study had relatively higher genetic diversities, Sheyang cultured stock had the highest H_e, while the wild stock from Yangtze River had the lowest value, but there were no significant difference among the four stocks (P>0.05). Cluster analysis showed that the wild, F_4A and F_4B stocks were allocated in the same cluster, and Sheyang cultured stock was allocated in another cluster. It revealed that there was no significant difference in genetic differentiation among selective breeding stocks and wild stock.