CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查士兵心理健康状况及影响因素,为部队心理卫生工作提供理论支持.方法随机整群抽取某军区6个兵种的士兵,调查艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、症状自评(SCL-90)、自我修订的团体心理社会应激(PSSG)、Wallace自我概念(WSCS)、一般自我效能感(GSES)、自尊(SES)、社会支持(SSRS)量表.结果 1.SCL-90躯体化[(1.67±0.60)分/(1.37±0.48)分;t=15.68,P＜0.01]、精神病性等11个项目较全国常模均显著增高;较全军常模躯体化[(1.67±0.60)分/(1.55±0.57)分;t=6.16,P＜0.01]、强迫[(1.85±0.63)分/(1.77±0.60)分;t=4.02,P＜0.01]、阳性项目数增高;而抑郁[(1.59±0.57)分/(1.64±0.60)分;t=2.75,P＜0.01]、人际敏感[(1.73±0.60)分/(1.78±0.61)分;t=2.59,P＜0.05]、恐怖[(1.32±0.44)分/(1.35±0.45)分,t=2.068,P＜0.05]降低.2.相关分析显示,SCL-90总分与神经质(r=0.639)、消极情绪体验(r=0.484)、精神质、消极应对方式、生活事件呈显著正相关,与自我概念(r=-0.310)、积极情绪体验(r=-0.285)、内外向性、积极应对等成显著负相关.3.回归分析表明神经质、生活事件、积极情绪体验、自我概念等对心理健康均有预测性.结论士兵存在一定的心理问题.人格特征、认知特点应作为新兵入伍、岗位分配、士兵提拨等心理筛选的重点.部队心理卫生工作重点应不断提高个体的认知水平、培养积极的应对方式、促进人格的完善.
목적 조사사병심리건강상황급영향인소,위부대심리위생공작제공이론지지.방법 수궤정군추취모군구6개병충적사병,조사애삼극개성문권(EPQ)、증상자평(SCL-90)、자아수정적단체심리사회응격(PSSG)、Wallace자아개념(WSCS)、일반자아효능감(GSES)、자존(SES)、사회지지(SSRS)량표.결과 1.SCL-90구체화[(1.67±0.60)분/(1.37±0.48)분;t=15.68,P＜0.01]、정신병성등11개항목교전국상모균현저증고;교전군상모구체화[(1.67±0.60)분/(1.55±0.57)분;t=6.16,P＜0.01]、강박[(1.85±0.63)분/(1.77±0.60)분;t=4.02,P＜0.01]、양성항목수증고;이억욱[(1.59±0.57)분/(1.64±0.60)분;t=2.75,P＜0.01]、인제민감[(1.73±0.60)분/(1.78±0.61)분;t=2.59,P＜0.05]、공포[(1.32±0.44)분/(1.35±0.45)분,t=2.068,P＜0.05]강저.2.상관분석현시,SCL-90총분여신경질(r=0.639)、소겁정서체험(r=0.484)、정신질、소겁응대방식、생활사건정현저정상관,여자아개념(r=-0.310)、적겁정서체험(r=-0.285)、내외향성、적겁응대등성현저부상관.3.회귀분석표명신경질、생활사건、적겁정서체험、자아개념등대심리건강균유예측성.결론 사병존재일정적심리문제.인격특정、인지특점응작위신병입오、강위분배、사병제발등심리사선적중점.부대심리위생공작중점응불단제고개체적인지수평、배양적겁적응대방식、촉진인격적완선.
Objective To investigate solider's mental health state and its related factors,so as to provide scientific basis for troop's work of mental health. Methods A series of questionnaires such as SCL-90, EPQ, PSSG, WSCS, GSES,SES, SSRS were examined in soliders of six arms of the services.Results 1. The total score, the factorial scores and the number of positive items were all significantly higher than the national norm. The number of positive items and two factorial scores including somatization, obsession were obviously higher than the Chinese servicemen norm, but the scores of two factors including interpersonal sensitivity, depression was lower than the norm.2. The general score of SCL-90 were significantly correlated with introversion, neuroticism, life event, etc. 3. Multiple regression showed that life event, neuroticism, negative copying, etc. had predictive value for the general score of SCL-90. Life events and neuroticism affected the general score of SCL-90 directly while negative copying, positive emotion,self-conception affected it indirectly.Conclusion There were some psychological problems in soldiers. Personality, cognition trait should be taken as the most important factors in selection of enrollment, action station and promotion.Improvement of cognition,copying style and cultivocting good personality should be the major contents in the mental health education of army.