CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨氟中毒病区小学生的膳食营养状况对其氟斑牙发病程度的影响.方法从饮水型氟中毒历史重病区某直辖市郊区镇(以下简称郊区镇)和某自治区某旗镇(以下简称某旗镇)整群随机抽样208名8～12岁小学生作为调查对象,用离子选择电极法测定尿氟,按Dean分类法检查氟斑牙病损程度,采用三日膳食调查法和双份饭菜法分析小学生营养素摄入状况.结果某旗镇小学生尿氟为(6.80±3.90)mg/L,明显高于郊区镇小学生[(5.20±2.75)mg/L,t=3.21,P<0.01].郊区镇小学生氟斑牙指数为1.8,某旗镇小学生氟斑牙指数为1.9,二者比较差异有统计学意义(H=10.266,P<0.01).某旗镇小学生氟斑牙临床分度数加权值≥2的人数所占比例[63.3%(57/90)]高于郊区镇小学生[48.3%(57/118),χ2=4.633,P<0.05].三日膳食调查法发现,郊区镇小学生对蛋白质、钙、维生素C等12种营养素的摄入量明显高于某旗镇小学生,而膳食纤维、维生素E、镁等5种营养素的摄入量则低于某旗镇小学生(P均<0.01).双份饭菜法发现,某旗镇小学生镁、锂、铅的日摄入最高于郊区镇小学生,而镉的日摄入量则低于郊区镇小学生(P<0.01或<0.05).郊区镇小学生膳食中氟的日摄入量[(2.24±1.18)mg/d]高于某旗镇小学生[(1.78±0.06)mg/d,t=4.21,P<0.01].结论良好的膳食营养可以减少氟斑牙的发生或减轻其病损程度,为今后控制和消除地方性氟中毒的危害提供科学依据.
목적 탐토불중독병구소학생적선식영양상황대기불반아발병정도적영향.방법 종음수형불중독역사중병구모직할시교구진(이하간칭교구진)화모자치구모기진(이하간칭모기진)정군수궤추양208명8～12세소학생작위조사대상,용리자선택전겁법측정뇨불,안Dean분류법검사불반아병손정도,채용삼일선식조사법화쌍빈반채법분석소학생영양소섭입상황.결과 모기진소학생뇨불위(6.80±3.90)mg/L,명현고우교구진소학생[(5.20±2.75)mg/L,t=3.21,P<0.01].교구진소학생불반아지수위1.8,모기진소학생불반아지수위1.9,이자비교차이유통계학의의(H=10.266,P<0.01).모기진소학생불반아림상분도수가권치≥2적인수소점비례[63.3%(57/90)]고우교구진소학생[48.3%(57/118),χ2=4.633,P<0.05].삼일선식조사법발현,교구진소학생대단백질、개、유생소C등12충영양소적섭입량명현고우모기진소학생,이선식섬유、유생소E、미등5충영양소적섭입량칙저우모기진소학생(P균<0.01).쌍빈반채법발현,모기진소학생미、리、연적일섭입최고우교구진소학생,이력적일섭입량칙저우교구진소학생(P<0.01혹<0.05).교구진소학생선식중불적일섭입량[(2.24±1.18)mg/d]고우모기진소학생[(1.78±0.06)mg/d,t=4.21,P<0.01].결론 량호적선식영양가이감소불반아적발생혹감경기병손정도,위금후공제화소제지방성불중독적위해제공과학의거.
Objective To investigate the effect of dietary nutrition on dental fluorosis degrees of school children in endemic fluorosis areas. Methods Two hundred and eight children aged 8 to 12 years were chosen using cluster random sampling method from a village of municipal suburban and a town of autonomous region, both with a history of serious endemic fluorosis. Morning urinary fluoride was measured by fluoride ion electrode. The Tooth Surface Index of Dean was applied to measure the severity of dental fluorosis. Food and nutrient intakes were analyzed according to the 3-day diet records and duplicate meals. Results The urinary fluoride concentration of the children in the town [(6.80±3.90)mg/L]was much higher than those in the village [(5.20±2.75)mg/L, t= 3.21, P < 0.01]. Dental fluorosis index of the children in the town was 1.9, higher than that of the village of 1.8 (H=10.266, P < 0.01). The town had more children with fluoride tooth degree higher than Ⅱ [63.3%(57/90)]than the village did[48.3% (57/118), χ2=4.633, P < 0.05]. A 3-days diet records showed that children in the village ate more protein, calcium, vitamin C and so on but less dietary fiber, vitamin E, magnesium than those in the town did(all P < 0.01). Duplicate meals revealed that children in the town had more daily intake of magnesium, lithium, lead and less cadmium than those of the village did(P < 0.01 or < 0.05). Children in the village had higher intake of fluoride[(2.24±1.18)mg/d]than those of the town [(1.78±0.06)mg/d, t = 4.21, P < 0.01]. Conclusions Healthy diet can reduce the incidence of dental fluorosis or mitigate the degree of the impairment. This study can provide scientific basis for the future control and elimination of endemic fluorosis.