CAJ | 학술논문

古代汀州是客家族群的重要发源地。汀州地区的文教发展对客家族群的形成具有十分重要的作用。宋代，汀州的文教处于大发展时期。宋代汀州教育机构设置完备，以地方官学为主，州有郡学，每县均办有县学，还设有贡院和五处贡士庄，此外还有三处书院和二所私人讲学读书处，反映出在经济落后的条件下，地方官员对当地教育的重视。汀州在福建属于最晚开发的地区，地理环境山峻水急，国家权力无法完全控制汀州社会，因而把教化当作重要的辅助手段。汀州完备的教育机构对汀州社会风气的改变起到促进作用。
고대정주시객가족군적중요발원지。정주지구적문교발전대객가족군적형성구유십분중요적작용。송대，정주적문교처우대발전시기。송대정주교육궤구설치완비，이지방관학위주，주유군학，매현균판유현학，환설유공원화오처공사장，차외환유삼처서원화이소사인강학독서처，반영출재경제락후적조건하，지방관원대당지교육적중시。정주재복건속우최만개발적지구，지리배경산준수급，국가권력무법완전공제정주사회，인이파교화당작중요적보조수단。정주완비적교육궤구대정주사회풍기적개변기도촉진작용。
Ancient Tingzhou is an important birthplace of the Hakka. Tingzhou cultural and educational development plays a very important role in the formation of Hakka ethnic group. The culture and education of Tingzhou in the Song Dynasty was in a major period of development. Tingzhou educational institutions set up complete in the Song Dynasty, the school - based local officials, states have county school, each county were to do a county school, also has Gongshiyuan and five Gongshi villages, reflecting local officials pay at- tention to local education under the conditions of economic backwardness. Tingzhou have three academies and two private places to study. The mainly reason is that Tingzhou is the latest development in the areas of Fujian, the state power can not fully control Tingzhou society, enlightenment and thus become an important adjunct. The Tingzhou＇s educational institutions played a catalytic role for Tingzhou social change.