CAJ | 학술논문

目的比较某冶炼厂15年前后环境铅污染影响的变化，并为评价该厂扩建投产后污染变化提供依据。方法选取1980～1982年曾调查的污染区和对照区，于1995～1997年再次调查两区稻米、蔬菜、饮水铅含量以及7～14岁学龄儿童(污染区104名，对照区68名)的血铅及δ-ALAD酶活力，并做比较分析。结果米铅(干重)、菜铅(湿重)、学生血铅和δ-ALAD酶活力的几何均值：污染区分别为26.7±1.65 mg/kg、60.4±2.67 mg/kg，206±1.7 μg/L和98±1.3IU/L；对照区分别为13.2±1.85 mg/kg、44.9±2.84 mg/kg、229±1.3 μg/L和225±1.4 IU/L。污染区米铅显著上升而δ-ALAD酶活力显著性下降(P＜0.01)，污染区22人(占21.2％)血铅水平超过对照区最高值(312.9μg/L)，其中8人高达450～762 μg/L；与1980～1982年相比，污染区的稻米和蔬菜铅含量显著增加(P＜0.01)。结论该冶炼厂对污染区的铅污染有逐渐加重的趋势。
목적비교모야련엄15년전후배경연오염영향적변화，병위평개해엄확건투산후오염변화제공의거。방법선취1980～1982년증조사적오염구화대조구，우1995～1997년재차조사량구도미、소채、음수연함량이급7～14세학령인동(오염구104명，대조구68명)적혈연급δ-ALAD매활력，병주비교분석。결과미연(간중)、채연(습중)、학생혈연화δ-ALAD매활력적궤하균치：오염구분별위26.7±1.65 mg/kg、60.4±2.67 mg/kg，206±1.7 μg/L화98±1.3IU/L；대조구분별위13.2±1.85 mg/kg、44.9±2.84 mg/kg、229±1.3 μg/L화225±1.4 IU/L。오염구미연현저상승이δ-ALAD매활력현저성하강(P＜0.01)，오염구22인(점21.2％)혈연수평초과대조구최고치(312.9μg/L)，기중8인고체450～762 μg/L；여1980～1982년상비，오염구적도미화소채연함량현저증가(P＜0.01)。결론해야련엄대오염구적연오염유축점가중적추세。
Objective　To analyze the changes of environmental lead pollution of a certain smeltery and its health effects during a period about 15 years,and provide scientific basis for the assessment on the changes of environmental pollution after the extension of this smeltery in the future.Method　The contents of lead in rice,vegetables and drinking water,the blood lead levels and the activities of blood δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase of schoolchildren aged 7～14years (polluted area:104 individuals,control area:86 individuals) were determined in the polluted area and the control area,during the periods of 1980～1982 and 1995～1997 respectively,and the comparative study on these obtained data was carried out.Results　The contents of lead in samples of rice (dry wt.),fresh vegetables (wet wt.),the blood lead levels and the activities of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity were 26.7±1.65 mg/kg,60.4±2.67 mg/kg,206±1.7 μg/L and 98±1.3 IU/L in polluted area respectively,13.2±1.85 mg/kg、44.9±2.84 mg/kg,229±1.3 μg/L and 225±1.4 IU/L in control area respectively.Significantly higher contents of lead in rice and significantly lower activities of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase of schoolchildren were observed in polluted area compared with those in control area (P＜0.01).The blood lead levels of 22 schoolchildren (21.2%) in polluted area exceeded the highest levels of blood lead of schoolchildren (312.9 μg/L) in control area,8 schoolchildren of whomreached as high as 450～762 μg/L.Significant increases of the contents of lead in rice and vegetables were observed in polluted area during 1995～1997 compared with those during 1980～1982 (P＜0.01).Conclusion　The environmental lead pollution from the observed smeltery revealed a tendency of gradual deterioration.