CAJ | 학술논문

目的通过对变应性鼻炎(alkrgic rhinitis,AR)流行病学之大样本的调查,获得以农村为主的AR的患病率及相关患病因素.方法 2007年4月至2009年5月在河北省沧州市农村、渤海湾黄骅市沿海渔村、承德市雾灵山区、天津市区分别以行政乡、村和街道、居民小区等为单位,按行政乡、村和街道、居民小区名册通过随机多级抽样和整群抽样抽取调查对象.然后按住户自然顺序,逐一入户直接调查.同时按照自然数排序全部受调查人群,对每逢个位数0、1、5的受调查者抽取3～5 ml静脉血,由实验室专职人员做血清特异性IgE(specific IgE,sIgE)检测.采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行统计学分析.结果本次流行病学调查对象共抽取5010人,其中有鼻变应性症状或体征者823例(16.4%).进行血清sIgE检测1576例,阳性402例(25.5%),其中146例合并有鼻变应性症状或体征者确诊为AR,AR的患病率为9.3%(146/1576).不同年龄、职业、特应性体质以及有无鼻部变应性症状人群之间sIgE检测阳性率差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为7.96、9.73、16.53、8.95,P值均＜0.05).AR与支气管哮喘的发生呈正相关(回归系数β=2.544,P＜0.01).农村最常见的变应原为狗上皮、猫上皮,城市最常见的变应原为屋尘螨、粉尘螨.结论 AR的患病率无论在城市还是在农村都比较高,应受到重视.AR的发生与特应性体质、环境因素等有关.
목적 통과대변응성비염(alkrgic rhinitis,AR)류행병학지대양본적조사,획득이농촌위주적AR적환병솔급상관환병인소.방법 2007년4월지2009년5월재하북성창주시농촌、발해만황화시연해어촌、승덕시무령산구、천진시구분별이행정향、촌화가도、거민소구등위단위,안행정향、촌화가도、거민소구명책통과수궤다급추양화정군추양추취조사대상.연후안주호자연순서,축일입호직접조사.동시안조자연수배서전부수조사인군,대매봉개위수0、1、5적수조사자추취3～5 ml정맥혈,유실험실전직인원주혈청특이성IgE(specific IgE,sIgE)검측.채용SPSS 13.0연건대수거진행통계학분석.결과 본차류행병학조사대상공추취5010인,기중유비변응성증상혹체정자823례(16.4%).진행혈청sIgE검측1576례,양성402례(25.5%),기중146례합병유비변응성증상혹체정자학진위AR,AR적환병솔위9.3%(146/1576).불동년령、직업、특응성체질이급유무비부변응성증상인군지간sIgE검측양성솔차이균유통계학의의(x2치분별위7.96、9.73、16.53、8.95,P치균＜0.05).AR여지기관효천적발생정정상관(회귀계수β=2.544,P＜0.01).농촌최상견적변응원위구상피、묘상피,성시최상견적변응원위옥진만、분진만.결론 AR적환병솔무론재성시환시재농촌도비교고,응수도중시.AR적발생여특응성체질、배경인소등유관.
Objective To obtain the prevalence and related factors in allergic rhinitis (AR) and other allergic diseases in rural area in China through epidemiological investigation with large sample and multi-faceted survey data. Methods Face to face survey was conducted in different regions( rural areas of Cangzhou, Hebei, coastal fishing village of Bohai Bay, area of Wuling Mountain, Chengde, urban areas of Tianjin) from April 2007 to May 2009. In the same time, serum specific IgE(sIgE) was detected in the digits of every 0, 1or 5 in them. SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results Five thousand and ten cases were investigated. There were 823 cases with the symptoms or signs of AR ( 16. 4% ). Four hundred and two cases were found to have positive serum sIgE antibody in 1576 detected cases(25.5% ).One hundred and fourty-six cases with nasal allergic symptoms or signs were diagnosed as AR. The incidence of AR was 9. 3% ( 146/1576 ). The occurrence of allergic symptoms or signs had a significant statistical difference with factors such as age, occupation, atopic constitution ( x2 value were 7. 96, 9. 73, 16. 53,8.95 respectively, all P ＜ 0. 05 ), and it was closely related to lower respiratory tract allergies ( β = 2. 544,P ＜0. 01 ). The most common allergens were dog and cat epithelium in rural areas and dust mites in city.Conclusions The incidence of AR is higher whether in urban or rural areas, it should be taken seriously as the impact on human health. The occurrence is closely related to physical characteristics and environmental factors.