大学物理实验
大學物理實驗
대학물리실험
PHYSICAL EXPERIMENT OF COLLEGE
2011年
6期
67-70
,共4页
布朗运动%计算机模拟%扩散系数
佈朗運動%計算機模擬%擴散繫數
포랑운동%계산궤모의%확산계수
Brownian motion%computer simulation%diffusion coefficient
利用matlab工具模拟了布朗运动测量的实验。通过一正态随机数产生函数模拟从而产生布朗运动步距。在假定粒子所受拖曳力满足斯托克斯关系的情况下,通过拟合多个粒子的均方位移随时间的变化曲线得到斜率,从而进一步可得出扩散系数和波尔兹曼常数。同时,根据模拟结果也对如何减小实验误差作了分析。
利用matlab工具模擬瞭佈朗運動測量的實驗。通過一正態隨機數產生函數模擬從而產生佈朗運動步距。在假定粒子所受拖抴力滿足斯託剋斯關繫的情況下,通過擬閤多箇粒子的均方位移隨時間的變化麯線得到斜率,從而進一步可得齣擴散繫數和波爾玆曼常數。同時,根據模擬結果也對如何減小實驗誤差作瞭分析。
이용matlab공구모의료포랑운동측량적실험。통과일정태수궤수산생함수모의종이산생포랑운동보거。재가정입자소수타예력만족사탁극사관계적정황하,통과의합다개입자적균방위이수시간적변화곡선득도사솔,종이진일보가득출확산계수화파이자만상수。동시,근거모의결과야대여하감소실험오차작료분석。
Brownian motion experiment was simulated using Matlab.The step lengths for a Brownian particle movements were generated by a random function,which generated arrays of random numbers whose elements are normally distributed.From the mean squared displacement of the simulated particles versus time curves,the diffusion constant and Boltzmann constant were obtained,assuming that the drag force on an individual particle was well defined by the stokes＇ law.The simulation measurements agreed well with theoretical prediction.According to the results,we also analyzed how to decrease experimental error.
