中华行为医学与脑科学杂志
中華行為醫學與腦科學雜誌
중화행위의학여뇌과학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE AND BRAIN SCIENCE
2011年
9期
837-839
,共3页
段小菊%陶婷%魏思旺%施建农
段小菊%陶婷%魏思旺%施建農
단소국%도정%위사왕%시건농
儿童%抑制能力%Stroop效应%横断研究
兒童%抑製能力%Stroop效應%橫斷研究
인동%억제능력%Stroop효응%횡단연구
Children%Inhibitory ability%Stroop effect%Cross-sectional study
目的 抑制能力在个体发展中起重要作用,且与智力及其他认知能力有密切关系,本研究旨在探讨7～12岁儿童抑制能力的发展规律.方法 整班选取某小学7～12岁儿童共187名,分为7～8岁、9 ～ 10岁和11 ～12岁3个年龄组,用Stroop色词测验在计算机上进行抑制能力测查,记录被试的反应时和正确率.结果 所有儿童在一致条件下的反应时[ (743.16±227.20) ms]均短于不一致条件[(801.88±344.05)ms][F(1,181) =7.29,P＜0.01]；一致条件下的正确率(0.94±0.11)高于不一致条件(0.90±0.13)[ F(1,181) =28.41,P＜0.01].7～8岁组儿童反应时差[(117.81±396.68)ms]显著长于9～10岁组儿童[ (24.70±177.65)ms] (P＜0.05)；9～10岁组儿童和11～12岁组儿童[(32.44±120.07) ms]在反应时上的差异无显著性(P＞0.05).性别主效应不显著[F(1,181) =1.69,P＞0.05].结论 7～12岁儿 童抑制能力随着年龄增长而提高,9～12岁儿童的抑制能力达到稳定,儿童的抑制能力没有性别优势.
目的 抑製能力在箇體髮展中起重要作用,且與智力及其他認知能力有密切關繫,本研究旨在探討7～12歲兒童抑製能力的髮展規律.方法 整班選取某小學7～12歲兒童共187名,分為7～8歲、9 ～ 10歲和11 ～12歲3箇年齡組,用Stroop色詞測驗在計算機上進行抑製能力測查,記錄被試的反應時和正確率.結果 所有兒童在一緻條件下的反應時[ (743.16±227.20) ms]均短于不一緻條件[(801.88±344.05)ms][F(1,181) =7.29,P＜0.01]；一緻條件下的正確率(0.94±0.11)高于不一緻條件(0.90±0.13)[ F(1,181) =28.41,P＜0.01].7～8歲組兒童反應時差[(117.81±396.68)ms]顯著長于9～10歲組兒童[ (24.70±177.65)ms] (P＜0.05)；9～10歲組兒童和11～12歲組兒童[(32.44±120.07) ms]在反應時上的差異無顯著性(P＞0.05).性彆主效應不顯著[F(1,181) =1.69,P＞0.05].結論 7～12歲兒 童抑製能力隨著年齡增長而提高,9～12歲兒童的抑製能力達到穩定,兒童的抑製能力沒有性彆優勢.
목적 억제능력재개체발전중기중요작용,차여지력급기타인지능력유밀절관계,본연구지재탐토7～12세인동억제능력적발전규률.방법 정반선취모소학7～12세인동공187명,분위7～8세、9 ～ 10세화11 ～12세3개년령조,용Stroop색사측험재계산궤상진행억제능력측사,기록피시적반응시화정학솔.결과 소유인동재일치조건하적반응시[ (743.16±227.20) ms]균단우불일치조건[(801.88±344.05)ms][F(1,181) =7.29,P＜0.01]；일치조건하적정학솔(0.94±0.11)고우불일치조건(0.90±0.13)[ F(1,181) =28.41,P＜0.01].7～8세조인동반응시차[(117.81±396.68)ms]현저장우9～10세조인동[ (24.70±177.65)ms] (P＜0.05)；9～10세조인동화11～12세조인동[(32.44±120.07) ms]재반응시상적차이무현저성(P＞0.05).성별주효응불현저[F(1,181) =1.69,P＞0.05].결론 7～12세인 동억제능력수착년령증장이제고,9～12세인동적억제능력체도은정,인동적억제능력몰유성별우세.
Objective Inhibitory ability plays an important role in individuals' development process.It has close relationship with intelligence and other cognitive ability.This study aims to explore the development of inhibitory ability on 7- to 12-year-old children.Methods A sample of 187 children aged from 7 to 12 were divided into three age-groups:7- to 8-year-old,9- to 10-year-old and 11-to 12-year-old.They perfonned the Stroop Color and Word Test and their reaction time and accuracy were recorded.Results Compared with incongruent trials ( ( 801.88 ± 344.05 ) ms ),the reaction time on congruent trials ( ( 743.16 ± 227.20ms ) of all the children was shorter( F ( 1,181 ) =7.29,P ＜ 0.0 1 ).The accuracy of congruent trials (0.94 ± 0.11 ) was higher than that of incongruent trials (0.90 ± 0.13 ) (F ( 1,181 ) =28.41,P ＜ 0.001 ).The reaction time difference of 7- to 8 -year-old children ( 117.81 ± 396.68 ) ms was longer than that of 9- to 10-year-old children ( ( 24.70 ± 177.65 ) ms) (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference between the reaction time of difference 9- to 10-year-old children and 11- to 12-year-old children ( (32.44 ± 120.07 ) ms) (P ＞ 0.05 ).The gender effect was not significant (F ( 1,181 )=1.69,P＞ 0.05).Condusion The inhibitory ability increases from 7 to 12-year-old.The ability of 9-to 12-year-old children is reasonably stable.There is no gender effect on children's inhibitory ability.
