CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨某金矿井下凿岩等从业人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变与微核情况.方法采用微量全血培养法和胞质分裂阻滞(CB)法,分析调查对象的染色体畸变与微核细胞形成情况.结果井下从业人员染色体型畸变率为0.72%,染色单体型畸变率为0.41%,总畸变率为1.16%,淋巴细胞微核细胞率为10.8‰,微核率为11.6‰,均明显高于健康对照组(0.14%、0.18%、0.33%、8.7‰和9.0‰),差异有统计学意义(X2=44.322、9.501、50.476、8.672、12.546,P＜0.01).染色体畸变率与微核阳性检出率随着井下工龄的增加而呈升高的趋势,各工龄组间和健康对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).井下从业21年以上工龄组明显高于井下从业6年以下工龄组,但其他各工龄组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.01).染色体畸变类型主要以无着丝粒断片为主,其次是双着丝粒体和单体断裂,偶见一个细胞内有两种畸变.结论目前金矿井下凿岩等从业者存在一定的职业危害效应,应引起相关部门的高度重视.
목적 탐토모금광정하착암등종업인원외주혈림파세포염색체기변여미핵정황.방법 채용미량전혈배양법화포질분렬조체(CB)법,분석조사대상적염색체기변여미핵세포형성정황.결과 정하종업인원염색체형기변솔위0.72%,염색단체형기변솔위0.41%,총기변솔위1.16%,림파세포미핵세포솔위10.8‰,미핵솔위11.6‰,균명현고우건강대조조(0.14%、0.18%、0.33%、8.7‰화9.0‰),차이유통계학의의(X2=44.322、9.501、50.476、8.672、12.546,P＜0.01).염색체기변솔여미핵양성검출솔수착정하공령적증가이정승고적추세,각공령조간화건강대조조비교,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.01).정하종업21년이상공령조명현고우정하종업6년이하공령조,단기타각공령조간차이무통계학의의(P＞0.01).염색체기변류형주요이무착사립단편위주,기차시쌍착사립체화단체단렬,우견일개세포내유량충기변.결론 목전금광정하착암등종업자존재일정적직업위해효응,응인기상관부문적고도중시.
Objective To investigate the chromosome damage in peripheral lymphocytes of underground gold miners.Methods Conventional method and cytokinesis-block micronuclens assay were used to analyze frequency of chromosome aberrations and micronucleus in peripheral lymphocytes in 58 gold miners,respectively.Results Frequencies of chromosome-type aberrations,ehromatid-type aberrations and total aberrations were higher in the miners than those in the control group(0.72%,0.41%,1.16% vs 0.14%,0.18%,0.33,X2=44.322,9.501,50.476,P＜0.01).Both micronucleated cell rate and micronucleus rate were higher in the miners group than those in the control group(10.8‰ and 11.6‰ vs 8.7‰ and 9.0‰,X2=8.672,12.546,P＜0.01).Frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus proportionally increased with underground working years.Compared with those miners who had worked underground 6 years or shorter,both frequencies were statistically higher among the miners who had worked underground for more than 21 years(P＜0.05).No difference was found among other groups of working years(P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,both frequencies increased in the miner group,and the differences were statistically significant(X2=2.395,P＜0.05 for chromosomal aberrations and X2=2.319,P＜0.05,respecfvely).The common types of chromosome aberrations were acentrie fragments,while chromatid break and dicenrics were subordinate.Conclusions Chromosomal damages were observed in the gold workers who exposed high radon in the underground mining.