目的 研究1～3岁健康幼儿肺功能状况.方法 将115例1～3岁健康幼儿分组:＜2岁组和2～3岁组,观察婴幼儿肺功能的潮气量、大小气道指标和呼吸系统静态顺应性(Crs)、总气道阻力(Rrs)、功能残气量(FRC).结果 1～3岁健康幼儿各项功能测定值男、女间差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).＜2岁组与2～3岁组呼吸频率(RR)差异无统计学意义(27次/min与26次/min,t=1.512,P＞0.05).2～3岁组潮气量(TV)水平显著高于＜2岁组(0.123 L与0.091 L,t=8.586,P＜0.01),但经体质量校正后,差异无统计学意义(0.0091与0.0087,t=1.958,P＞0.05).2～3岁组潮气呼气峰流速(PTEF)水平显著高于＜2岁组(0.159与0.135,t=3.788,P＜0.01).呼气时间/总呼吸时间(Ti/Tt)、呼出气量/潮气量(％V-PF)、呼出75％潮气量时的呼气流速/潮气呼气峰流速(25/PF)和潮气呼气中期流速/潮气吸气中期流速(ME/MI)等,两组间差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),而＜2岁组潮气呼气峰流速/潮气量(PF/Ve)水平显著高于2～3岁组(1.257与1.095,t =2.099,P＜0.05).＜2岁组Rrs水平显著高于2～3岁组(2.698与2.071,t=3.762,P＜0.01);2～3岁组Crs水平显著高于＜2岁组(0.353与0.254,t =4.296,P＜0.01),但经体质量校正后,差异无统计学意义(0.026与0.024,t=1.051,P＞0.05)；2～3岁组FRC水平显著高于＜2岁组(0.272与0.212,t=8.469,P＜0.01),但经体质量校正后,差异无统计学意(0.0198与0.0198,t=0.000,P＞0.05).TV、FRC、Crs和PTEF随年龄增大而增大,尤与体质量密切相关,两组间差异有统计学意义(γ=0.572、0.849、0.457、0.319,均P＜0.01).结论 健康幼儿TV、FRC、Crs和PTFF与体质量呈正相关,符合幼儿生长发育的规律.
目的 研究1～3歲健康幼兒肺功能狀況.方法 將115例1～3歲健康幼兒分組:＜2歲組和2～3歲組,觀察嬰幼兒肺功能的潮氣量、大小氣道指標和呼吸繫統靜態順應性(Crs)、總氣道阻力(Rrs)、功能殘氣量(FRC).結果 1～3歲健康幼兒各項功能測定值男、女間差異均無統計學意義(均P＞0.05).＜2歲組與2～3歲組呼吸頻率(RR)差異無統計學意義(27次/min與26次/min,t=1.512,P＞0.05).2～3歲組潮氣量(TV)水平顯著高于＜2歲組(0.123 L與0.091 L,t=8.586,P＜0.01),但經體質量校正後,差異無統計學意義(0.0091與0.0087,t=1.958,P＞0.05).2～3歲組潮氣呼氣峰流速(PTEF)水平顯著高于＜2歲組(0.159與0.135,t=3.788,P＜0.01).呼氣時間/總呼吸時間(Ti/Tt)、呼齣氣量/潮氣量(％V-PF)、呼齣75％潮氣量時的呼氣流速/潮氣呼氣峰流速(25/PF)和潮氣呼氣中期流速/潮氣吸氣中期流速(ME/MI)等,兩組間差異均無統計學意義(均P＞0.05),而＜2歲組潮氣呼氣峰流速/潮氣量(PF/Ve)水平顯著高于2～3歲組(1.257與1.095,t =2.099,P＜0.05).＜2歲組Rrs水平顯著高于2～3歲組(2.698與2.071,t=3.762,P＜0.01);2～3歲組Crs水平顯著高于＜2歲組(0.353與0.254,t =4.296,P＜0.01),但經體質量校正後,差異無統計學意義(0.026與0.024,t=1.051,P＞0.05)；2～3歲組FRC水平顯著高于＜2歲組(0.272與0.212,t=8.469,P＜0.01),但經體質量校正後,差異無統計學意(0.0198與0.0198,t=0.000,P＞0.05).TV、FRC、Crs和PTEF隨年齡增大而增大,尤與體質量密切相關,兩組間差異有統計學意義(γ=0.572、0.849、0.457、0.319,均P＜0.01).結論 健康幼兒TV、FRC、Crs和PTFF與體質量呈正相關,符閤幼兒生長髮育的規律.
목적 연구1～3세건강유인폐공능상황.방법 장115례1～3세건강유인분조:＜2세조화2～3세조,관찰영유인폐공능적조기량、대소기도지표화호흡계통정태순응성(Crs)、총기도조력(Rrs)、공능잔기량(FRC).결과 1～3세건강유인각항공능측정치남、녀간차이균무통계학의의(균P＞0.05).＜2세조여2～3세조호흡빈솔(RR)차이무통계학의의(27차/min여26차/min,t=1.512,P＞0.05).2～3세조조기량(TV)수평현저고우＜2세조(0.123 L여0.091 L,t=8.586,P＜0.01),단경체질량교정후,차이무통계학의의(0.0091여0.0087,t=1.958,P＞0.05).2～3세조조기호기봉류속(PTEF)수평현저고우＜2세조(0.159여0.135,t=3.788,P＜0.01).호기시간/총호흡시간(Ti/Tt)、호출기량/조기량(％V-PF)、호출75％조기량시적호기류속/조기호기봉류속(25/PF)화조기호기중기류속/조기흡기중기류속(ME/MI)등,량조간차이균무통계학의의(균P＞0.05),이＜2세조조기호기봉류속/조기량(PF/Ve)수평현저고우2～3세조(1.257여1.095,t =2.099,P＜0.05).＜2세조Rrs수평현저고우2～3세조(2.698여2.071,t=3.762,P＜0.01);2～3세조Crs수평현저고우＜2세조(0.353여0.254,t =4.296,P＜0.01),단경체질량교정후,차이무통계학의의(0.026여0.024,t=1.051,P＞0.05)；2～3세조FRC수평현저고우＜2세조(0.272여0.212,t=8.469,P＜0.01),단경체질량교정후,차이무통계학의(0.0198여0.0198,t=0.000,P＞0.05).TV、FRC、Crs화PTEF수년령증대이증대,우여체질량밀절상관,량조간차이유통계학의의(γ=0.572、0.849、0.457、0.319,균P＜0.01).결론 건강유인TV、FRC、Crs화PTFF여체질량정정상관,부합유인생장발육적규률.
Objective To explore the development of pulmonary function of normal toddlers between 1 and 3 years old.Methods Totally 115 normal toddlers were divided into 2 groups according to their age,i.e,1 ～ 2 years old,2～3 years old.The indicator of small and big airway examine respiratory system static compliance,total airway resistance and functional residual volume were observed.Results No significant difference was found between male and female toddler( P ＞0.05 ).Between the two groups,the difference of respiratory rate was not significant( 27 vs 26,t =1.512,P ＞0.05 ).The values of tidal volumes in the 2 ～ 3 years group was notably higher than in the 1 ～ 2 years group(0.123 vs 0.091,t =8.586,P ＜ 0.01 ),but the values of tidal volumes per kilogram body weight was not significantly different (0.0091 vs 0.0087,t =1.958,P ＞ 0.05 ).The peak tidal expiratory flow in the elder group was similarly distinctly higher than that in the other group.The measured tidal breathing flow volume loops were both displayed uncharacteristic ellipse.The rations of inspiratory time to total respiratory time,the volume to reach peak tidal expira-tory flow to total expiratory volume,tidal expiratory flow at 25％ remaining expiration to peak expiratory flow and mid-tidal expiratory flow to mid-tidal inspiratory flow were not significantly different between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).Butthe ratio of peak tidal flow to tidal volume( 1.257 vs 1.095,t =2.099,P ＜ 0.05 ) and the respiratory system resistances( 2.698 vs 2.071,t =3.762,P ＜0.01 )were evidently lower in the elder group than in the younger.The respiratory system compliances(0.353 vs 0.254,t =4.296,P ＜0.01 ) and functional residual capacities(0.272 vs 0.212,t =8.469,P ＜0.01 ) were significantly higher in the elder group than that in the younger,but the values per kilogram body weight was not significantly different( P ＞0.05 ).It was shown that the values of tidal volume,peak tidal expiratory flow,respiratory system static compliance,residual volume were significantly different(0.0198 vs 0.0198,t =0.000,P ＞0.05),between two groups.The values of each parameter mentioned above were increased with age,and were positively correlated with body weight(γ=0.457,0.849,0.572,0.319 all P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Tidal breathing flow volume loop could show functions of small and large airways and partially replace the maximum expiratory flow loop.The parameters were stable in toddlers and could be used as reasonable index to evaluate the pulmonary function changes in pulmonary diseases.The ventilatory function,residual volume,respiratory system static compliance and peak tidal flow were increased with the age,which coincides with the rule of development of toddlers.
