CAJ | 학술논문

本研究旨在了解猪种的遗传变异、种群间的亲缘关系和遗传分化.以白色杜洛克×二花脸资源家系F_0代的17头二花脸母猪和2头白色杜洛克公猪的DNA池为模板,通过直接测序在猪SLC6A14基因内识别4个SNPs,以3个突变位点(g.7944A>T、c.1438G>A、g.21063G>T)为基础,通过PCR-RFLP技术,对11个中外猪种进行多态性检测.结果表明:在SLC6A14 g.7944A>T和g.21063G>T 2个突变位点上,所有检测猪种都出现变异,其中槐猪、二花脸猪在g.7944A>T位点上变异显著(0.01<P<0.05);而里岔黑猪、槐猪、玉山黑猪、合作藏猪、八眉猪在g.21063G>T内变异极显著(P<0.01),以GT基因型为主,且二花脸猪中出现TT基因型;在SLC6A14 c. 1438G>A突变位点上,3个欧洲猪种(长白、大白、杜洛克)没有出现变异,均为GG纯合型,而其他猪种在此位点上均存在变异;再根据11个猪种3个位点的多态性信息计算Nei氏遗传距离,由UPGMA法构建聚类图,说明中国地方猪种与外引猪种存在明显的遗传分化;由此得出中国地方猪种比外引猪种有高的遗传多样性和变异,且存在明显的遗传分化,品种间多数猪种符合品种地域分布和品种特性.
본연구지재료해저충적유전변이、충군간적친연관계화유전분화.이백색두락극×이화검자원가계F_0대적17두이화검모저화2두백색두락극공저적DNA지위모판,통과직접측서재저SLC6A14기인내식별4개SNPs,이3개돌변위점(g.7944A>T、c.1438G>A、g.21063G>T)위기출,통과PCR-RFLP기술,대11개중외저충진행다태성검측.결과표명:재SLC6A14 g.7944A>T화g.21063G>T 2개돌변위점상,소유검측저충도출현변이,기중괴저、이화검저재g.7944A>T위점상변이현저(0.01<P<0.05);이리차흑저、괴저、옥산흑저、합작장저、팔미저재g.21063G>T내변이겁현저(P<0.01),이GT기인형위주,차이화검저중출현TT기인형;재SLC6A14 c. 1438G>A돌변위점상,3개구주저충(장백、대백、두락극)몰유출현변이,균위GG순합형,이기타저충재차위점상균존재변이;재근거11개저충3개위점적다태성신식계산Nei씨유전거리,유UPGMA법구건취류도,설명중국지방저충여외인저충존재명현적유전분화;유차득출중국지방저충비외인저충유고적유전다양성화변이,차존재명현적유전분화,품충간다수저충부합품충지역분포화품충특성.
The aim of this research was to understand the population genetic variation and relation-ship, genetic differentiation between populations. In this study, 4 SNPs were identified in the porcine Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 14 (SLC6A14)by directly sequencing DNA pools from 19 founder animals(2 White Duroc boars and 17 Erhualian sows)of a White Duroc×Erhualian re-source population. The three mutation sites(c. 1438G>A, g. 7944A>T, g. 21063G>T)were chosen and used for detecting the polymorphism in 11 pig breeds by PCR-RFLP method. The re-sults showed that 11 pig breeds presented varation at the g. 7944A>T and g. 21063G>T sites in the SLC6A14. Moreover Huai and Erhualian pigs have dominant varation at g. 7944A>T site in the SLC6A14(0.01<P<0.05), while Licha Black, Huai, Yushan Black, Hezuo Tibet, Bamei pigs also have significant varation at g.21063G>T site in the SLC6A14(P<0.01), AT was dominant genotype. No variation was detected in the European pig populations Landrace, Large White and Duroc. only GG genotype was presented. Whereas variation was presented at the c. 1438G>A site of 8 Chinese native pig breeds. The genetic distance of 11 pig populations were calculated from 3 sites polymorphism data. The cluster tree was constructed by UPMGA meth-od. The results showed that Chinese local pig populations had distinct genetic differentiation with exotic pig populations. It was concluded that Chinese indigenous pig breeds have higher genetic variation and diversity than the exotic pig breeds at the three SNPs, genetic differentiation existed between Chinese pig populations and exotic breeds. The majority of pig breeds were consistent with the geographical distribution and breed characteristic.