CAJ | 학술논문

实验以十二烷基二甲基叔胺(NDT)与环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为原料,合成中间体(2,3-环氧丙基)十二烷基二甲基氯化铵.经正交实验确定的最佳合成条件为:以丙酮为溶剂,反应时间4 h,反应温度30℃,n(NDT):n(ECH)=1:1;再与长链饱和烷基脂肪酸反应,合成不同酯化度的酯基季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(Ⅰ、Ⅱ).降解实验结果表明,酯基季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(Ⅰ、Ⅱ)降解性能优异,降解性随着疏水链的增长而减小,属易生物降解的阳离子表面活性剂.
실험이십이완기이갑기숙알(NDT)여배양록병완(ECH)위원료,합성중간체(2,3-배양병기)십이완기이갑기록화안.경정교실험학정적최가합성조건위:이병동위용제,반응시간4 h,반응온도30℃,n(NDT):n(ECH)=1:1;재여장련포화완기지방산반응,합성불동지화도적지기계안염양리자표면활성제(Ⅰ、Ⅱ).강해실험결과표명,지기계안염양리자표면활성제(Ⅰ、Ⅱ)강해성능우이,강해성수착소수련적증장이감소,속역생물강해적양리자표면활성제.
The intermediate, (2,3-epoxypropyl) dimethyl-ammonium chloride, was synthesized with N,N-dimethyl dodecylamine (NDT) and epichlorohydrin(ECH) as raw materials. Through orthogonally arranged experiments, the optimal preparation conditions were found as follows., with acetone for solvent, n(NDT) :n(ECH)=1: 1, reaction time 4 h and reaction temperature 30 ℃. The target product quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) with different esterification degree were obtained by reacting the intermediate with lauric acid. Structures of the products were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectrum, 1H NMR and ~(13)C NMR. The critical micelle concentrations were 8.91×10~(-4) and 9.37×10~(-4) mol/L, and γ_(cmc) were 34. 12 and 39.76 mN/m for Ⅰ and Ⅱ , respectively. The results showed that the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant with different esterification degrees had excellent surface activity. Degradation testing results showed that the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) exhibited excellent degradation performances. Degradable ability decreased with the increase of the hydrophobic proportions.