CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查石油行业工人的职业性肌肉骨骼疾患情况,探讨可能的影响因素.方法选取860名石油钻井行业工人为调查对象,采用国内出版、经过适当修改的北欧肌肉骨骼问卷进行流行病学横断面调查.结果石油工人肌肉骨骼疾患年患病率排在前三位的部位分别是腰部(50.6%)、颈部(29.8%)、肩部(23.4%),除手腕、髋臀外,其他部位的年患病率在不同工龄段的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).每周工作时间＞40 h的工人颈部、肩部、背部和腰部的肌肉骨骼疾患年患病率较每周工作＜40 h的工人高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic分析显示,职业因素中工作时长时间保持弯腰姿势、长时间站立、躯干重复性的弯曲、不适搬举姿势、搬举高质量物体等是腰部疾患的危险因素(P＜0.05),组织管理因素中经常加班、休息不足是腰部疾患的危险因素(P＜0.05).结论石油行业工人肌肉骨骼疾患比较严重,应改善劳动姿势,减轻劳动强度,合理安排劳动休息制度等,并有计划地开展一定的健康促进活动等.
목적 조사석유행업공인적직업성기육골격질환정황,탐토가능적영향인소.방법 선취860명석유찬정행업공인위조사대상,채용국내출판、경과괄당수개적북구기육골격문권진행류행병학횡단면조사.결과 석유공인기육골격질환년환병솔배재전삼위적부위분별시요부(50.6%)、경부(29.8%)、견부(23.4%),제수완、관둔외,기타부위적년환병솔재불동공령단적차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05혹P＜0.01).매주공작시간＞40 h적공인경부、견부、배부화요부적기육골격질환년환병솔교매주공작＜40 h적공인고,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).Logistic분석현시,직업인소중공작시장시간보지만요자세、장시간참립、구간중복성적만곡、불괄반거자세、반거고질량물체등시요부질환적위험인소(P＜0.05),조직관리인소중경상가반、휴식불족시요부질환적위험인소(P＜0.05).결론 석유행업공인기육골격질환비교엄중,응개선노동자세,감경노동강도,합리안배노동휴식제도등,병유계화지개전일정적건강촉진활동등.
Objective To investigate the morbidity and influence factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) in oil drillers. Methods The modified Nordic Standardized Questionnaire for WMSD was used to perform the epidemiological investigation in 860 oil drillers. Results The predominant sites of WMSD in the oil drillers were waist (50.6%), neck (29.8%) and shoulder (23.4%), respectively. There were significant differences of the WMSD morbidities in all body sites except for wrist and hip among groups with different working years (P＜0.05 of P＜0.01 ). The WMSD morbidities in the neck, shoulder, back and waist of oil drillers working for more than 40 h a week were significantly higher than those of oil drillers working for less than 40 h a week (P＜0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that some occupational factors, i.e. keeping stoop and stand for long time, repeating trunk bend, keeping awkward lift posture and lifting the heave objects, were the risk factors for WMSD at waist (P＜0.05 ), also some management factors, i.e. overtime work and inadequate rest, were the risk factors for WMSD at waist (P＜0.05). Conclusion The WMSD appears to be a serious ergonomic problem in oil drillers, it is necessary to correct working posture, reduce working load, improve organizational management, and encourage a workplace health program with regular work and rest.