CAJ | 학술논문

为了确保国家粮食安全,粮食总产量需要不断增加,而在增产中玉米的增产潜力最大,且玉米是八五三农场的主要农作物之一,因此,分析了八五三农场玉米生产中存在的问题,主要有：品种选用不当,生育期偏短;品种退化;种植密度偏高;品种过于单一,缺乏高产潜力品种;环保施肥欠缺,底肥中氮肥占比例过高,钾肥用量比例较低,总施肥量略显不足;基本不施农家肥;缺乏田间管理。并对此提出应选择耐密、半耐密高光效及稀植型高产品种;采用适当的种植密度;增施肥料,配方施肥;施用有机肥料促进玉米增产;采用种衣剂拌种等技术防治病虫害,加强田间管理;加强农业科技培训;建立玉米高产高效综合配套栽培技术模式进行推广等解决对策,为玉米增产提供理论指导。
위료학보국가양식안전,양식총산량수요불단증가,이재증산중옥미적증산잠력최대,차옥미시팔오삼농장적주요농작물지일,인차,분석료팔오삼농장옥미생산중존재적문제,주요유：품충선용불당,생육기편단;품충퇴화;충식밀도편고;품충과우단일,결핍고산잠력품충;배보시비흠결,저비중담비점비례과고,갑비용량비례교저,총시비량략현불족;기본불시농가비;결핍전간관리。병대차제출응선택내밀、반내밀고광효급희식형고산품충;채용괄당적충식밀도;증시비료,배방시비;시용유궤비료촉진옥미증산;채용충의제반충등기술방치병충해,가강전간관리;가강농업과기배훈;건립옥미고산고효종합배투재배기술모식진행추엄등해결대책,위옥미증산제공이론지도。
For the sake of ensuring the safe production of grain in the country,it is need to continuously increase the total grain yield.while the yield increasing potentialities of maize is the biggest,and maize is one of the main crops at 853 farm,therefore,the problems existing in the 853farm were analyzed.They were：improper variety selection,short growth period;variety degeneration;higher planting density;lack of high yield potential varieties;lack of environmental protection fertilization,higher proportion of nitrogen,low proportion of potash,insufficient total fertilizer;little use of manure;lack of field management.According to the problems,the countermeasures were put forward to provide theoretical guidance for maize production.They were as follows：choosing variety with dense planting or half dense planting,high photosynthetic rate,sparse planting and high yield;adopting appropriate planting density;increasing applying fertilizers and formula fertilization;applying organic fertilizers to increase maize yield;using seed dressing to prevente and control diseases and insect pests,strengthening the field management;strengthening the agricultural science and technology training;establishing and extending synthetical cultivation technology mode of maize with high yield and high efficiency.