CAJ | 학술논문

婚姻是人类社会普遍存在的社会事实,也是研究民族文化不能不涉及的关键范畴。我国侗族人口众多,其＂特殊＂的恋爱婚姻习俗早就引起了众多研究者的关注,并形成了众多的研究成果,此前的研究结论往往以＂自由＂为侗族婚恋的标榜。出于正确把握前人研究结论的需要出发,通过对黄岗的田野调查获知,侗族的婚姻从恋爱对象的选择、通婚范围的宽窄到家庭生活中的角色定位、婚姻关系的解除等等,在这一系列婚恋环节中婚姻当事人都要受到本民族文化的制度性规约,制度范围内当事人享有充分的自由,制度范围外则毫无自由可言。婚姻自由本身就具有相对性,而拘泥于习惯研究者通常是将汉族的婚姻习俗作为研究侗族婚姻习俗的参比系,由此而得出的婚姻自由的结论显然不能作为描述侗族婚姻制度的依据。只有从具体的婚恋事实出发,从中剖析有关侗族婚姻的严格制度设置,才能对这一＂自由＂的内涵作出正确的理解。
혼인시인류사회보편존재적사회사실,야시연구민족문화불능불섭급적관건범주。아국동족인구음다,기＂특수＂적연애혼인습속조취인기료음다연구자적관주,병형성료음다적연구성과,차전적연구결론왕왕이＂자유＂위동족혼련적표방。출우정학파악전인연구결론적수요출발,통과대황강적전야조사획지,동족적혼인종연애대상적선택、통혼범위적관착도가정생활중적각색정위、혼인관계적해제등등,재저일계렬혼련배절중혼인당사인도요수도본민족문화적제도성규약,제도범위내당사인향유충분적자유,제도범위외칙호무자유가언。혼인자유본신취구유상대성,이구니우습관연구자통상시장한족적혼인습속작위연구동족혼인습속적삼비계,유차이득출적혼인자유적결론현연불능작위묘술동족혼인제도적의거。지유종구체적혼련사실출발,종중부석유관동족혼인적엄격제도설치,재능대저일＂자유＂적내함작출정학적리해。
As a widespread social reality of human society,marriage it is also an indivisible field in the study of culture.Lots of researches have been done and lots of results have been achieved about the unique marriage customs of the Dong,who have a large population.Actually emphesis has been made about the freedom of their marriage customs.In order to have a better understanding of the conclusions of previous studies,the study,based on the fieldwork at Huanggang Village leads to the conclusion that in many aspects from the choice of their love,whom to marry,the roles in family life,to the dissolution of marriages,the parties will be subject to the statute of institutional culture,which means they can enjoy full freedom within their institutional system and they will have no freedom at all out of the system.Freedom of marriage itself is relative.Researchers are usually used to sticking the marriage customs of the Han as the reference of those of the Dong,thus the conclusion of the Dong marriage freedom is clearly not the suitable basis for describing the truth of the Dong.On the basis of specific facts,the analysis of the Dong marriage system can possibly lead to the correct understanding of the mentioned freedom.