四川环境
四川環境
사천배경
2011年
4期
36-43
,共8页
河道底泥%重金属污染%生态风险评价
河道底泥%重金屬汙染%生態風險評價
하도저니%중금속오염%생태풍험평개
River sediments%heavy metal pollution%ecological risk assessment
对杭州城区34条河道45个点位河道底泥进行采样,分析了pH及汞、砷、铅、铬、镉、铜、锌、镍等重金属含量,并进行污染及潜在生态风险评价。结果表明,监测点位的底泥为中性偏碱性,重金属含量分布不均,且范围波动很大,部分河道底泥重金属中汞、铅、镉、铬、锌、镍等有不同程度的超标,少数河道镉、铬、锌污染严重;按《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》（GB4284-84）,超标的河道有13条,分别为沿山港、电厂河、西塘河、下塘河、上塘河、白石港、麦苗港、幸福河、永久河、北塘河、官河、史家桥河和南门江;总体上底泥重金属潜在生态风险顺序依次为汞〉镉〉铅〉铜〉砷〉锌〉镍〉铬,汞和镉是主要的潜在生态风险因子,要特别关注沿山港、下塘河、上塘河及麦苗港的汞污染和沿山港、官河、史家桥河及南门江的镉污染问题;对于潜在生态风险危害程度轻微或中等,且达到《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》（GB4284-84）的河道疏浚底泥,具有农用的可行性。
對杭州城區34條河道45箇點位河道底泥進行採樣,分析瞭pH及汞、砷、鉛、鉻、鎘、銅、鋅、鎳等重金屬含量,併進行汙染及潛在生態風險評價。結果錶明,鑑測點位的底泥為中性偏堿性,重金屬含量分佈不均,且範圍波動很大,部分河道底泥重金屬中汞、鉛、鎘、鉻、鋅、鎳等有不同程度的超標,少數河道鎘、鉻、鋅汙染嚴重;按《農用汙泥中汙染物控製標準》（GB4284-84）,超標的河道有13條,分彆為沿山港、電廠河、西塘河、下塘河、上塘河、白石港、麥苗港、倖福河、永久河、北塘河、官河、史傢橋河和南門江;總體上底泥重金屬潛在生態風險順序依次為汞〉鎘〉鉛〉銅〉砷〉鋅〉鎳〉鉻,汞和鎘是主要的潛在生態風險因子,要特彆關註沿山港、下塘河、上塘河及麥苗港的汞汙染和沿山港、官河、史傢橋河及南門江的鎘汙染問題;對于潛在生態風險危害程度輕微或中等,且達到《農用汙泥中汙染物控製標準》（GB4284-84）的河道疏浚底泥,具有農用的可行性。
대항주성구34조하도45개점위하도저니진행채양,분석료pH급홍、신、연、락、력、동、자、얼등중금속함량,병진행오염급잠재생태풍험평개。결과표명,감측점위적저니위중성편감성,중금속함량분포불균,차범위파동흔대,부분하도저니중금속중홍、연、력、락、자、얼등유불동정도적초표,소수하도력、락、자오염엄중;안《농용오니중오염물공제표준》（GB4284-84）,초표적하도유13조,분별위연산항、전엄하、서당하、하당하、상당하、백석항、맥묘항、행복하、영구하、북당하、관하、사가교하화남문강;총체상저니중금속잠재생태풍험순서의차위홍〉력〉연〉동〉신〉자〉얼〉락,홍화력시주요적잠재생태풍험인자,요특별관주연산항、하당하、상당하급맥묘항적홍오염화연산항、관하、사가교하급남문강적력오염문제;대우잠재생태풍험위해정도경미혹중등,차체도《농용오니중오염물공제표준》（GB4284-84）적하도소준저니,구유농용적가행성。
River sediments were sampled from 45 points in 34 rivers in Hangzhou,which were analyzed for pH and contents of heavy metals including Hg,As,Pb,Cr,Cd,Cu,Zn and Ni.The assessment of pollution and potential ecological risk showed that the river sediments from the monitored points were neutral partial alkaline;the contents of heavy metals distributed uneven and varied very much;the heavy metals of Hg,Pb,Cd,Cr,Zn and Ni from a part of river sediments exceeded standard in differentdegrees and a few ones polluted by Cd,Cr and Zn seriously.According to the ＂Controlling standards for pollutants in agricultural sludge＂（GB4284-84）,there were 13 rivers exceeded the standards including Yanshan harbor,Dianchang river,Xitang river,Xiatang river,Shangtang river,Baishi harbor,Maimiao harbor,Xingfu river,Yongjiu river,Beitang river,Guan river,Shijiaqiao river and Nanmen river.The potential ecological risk of heavy metals ranked as HgCdPbCuAsZnNiCr,of which Hg and Cd were the main potential ecological risk factors.Special attentions should be paid on the Hg pollution in Yanshan harbor,Xiatang river,Shangtang river and Maimiao harbor and the Cd pollution in Yanshan harbor,Guan river,Shijia bridge river and Nanshan river.For those river where the sediments had low or medium level of potential ecological risks and reached the ＂Controlling standards for pollutants in agricultural sludge＂（GB4284-84）,they were available for agricultural utilization.
