CAJ | 학술논문

首次讨论了二元合金相图的类型与门捷列夫数(M)之间的关系.设Ⅷ和 IB 族元素为溶剂金属(A),其他元素为溶质金属(B),分别用 MA 和 MB 表示溶质金属和溶剂金属的门捷列夫数,再以它们之间形成的二元合金相图类型为基础,研究了 MA/MB 二维图.结果指出,在以溶剂金属为中心的斜线上,ΔM=0.该斜线将溶剂金属的二元合金相图类型分为对称的两部分,其余元素与溶剂金属的二元合金相图类型分别在斜线的上方和下方.溶剂金属之间形成的二元合金相图基本上都是简单体系,并以连续固溶体型和包晶型相图为主,二者各占40%左右,其余的简单体系约占 20%.溶剂金属可分为三组:Co、Ir、Rh、Ni、Pt、Pd 为第一组;Cu、Au、Ag为第二组;Fe、Os和Ru为第三组.还讨论了各组元素间相互作用所形成的相图的特点.溶剂金属与溶质金属间形成的相图,约 80% 为复杂体系,简单体系不到 20%.此外,还探讨了化学标度、原子的金属半径、原子外层电子数和第一电离能与门捷列夫数之间的规律性变化,以及晶体结构对相图类型的影响.
수차토론료이원합금상도적류형여문첩렬부수(M)지간적관계.설Ⅷ화 IB 족원소위용제금속(A),기타원소위용질금속(B),분별용 MA 화 MB 표시용질금속화용제금속적문첩렬부수,재이타문지간형성적이원합금상도류형위기출,연구료 MA/MB 이유도.결과지출,재이용제금속위중심적사선상,ΔM=0.해사선장용제금속적이원합금상도류형분위대칭적량부분,기여원소여용제금속적이원합금상도류형분별재사선적상방화하방.용제금속지간형성적이원합금상도기본상도시간단체계,병이련속고용체형화포정형상도위주,이자각점40%좌우,기여적간단체계약점 20%.용제금속가분위삼조:Co、Ir、Rh、Ni、Pt、Pd 위제일조;Cu、Au、Ag위제이조;Fe、Os화Ru위제삼조.환토론료각조원소간상호작용소형성적상도적특점.용제금속여용질금속간형성적상도,약 80% 위복잡체계,간단체계불도 20%.차외,환탐토료화학표도、원자적금속반경、원자외층전자수화제일전리능여문첩렬부수지간적규률성변화,이급정체결구대상도류형적영향.
The relationship between the types of the binary alloy phase diagrams of Ⅷ and IB group elements with the Mendeleev numbers was discussed for the first time by mean of the Ⅷ group elements as solvent meatals(A) and the IB group elements as solute metals(B), and on bases of their alloy phase diagrams types. A two-dimension graph of MA/MB was drawn. The results indicat that there is a oblique line in the graph, which divides the binary alloy phase diagram types of solvent metals into two symmetry parts, the phase diagram types of the other elements with solvent metals located at the over and down of the line respectively, while on the line the ΔM=0. The phase diagrams of between the solvent metals basically are simple systems, mainly in the types of continues solid solution and peritectoid(about 40% respectively). The solvent metals can be divided into three groups:Co,Ir,Rh,Ni,Pt,Pd as the first group, Ag,Au,Cu as the second group, and Fe,Os and Ru as the third group. The characteristics of the phase diagrams formed between the elements in each group was discussed. About 80% phase diagram formed between solvent metals with solute metals belongs to complex system and less than 20% belongs to the simple system. The regular variation of the chemical scale, metallic radius of the atoms, number of valence electrons and the first ionization energy with the Mendeleev numbers and the influence of the crystal structure on the types of phase diagrams were introduced as well.