CAJ | 학술논문

为探索北方寒区规模化养牛场牛粪无害化处理模式,确定牛粪无害化处理关键技术,编制牛粪无害化处理操作规程.2007-2008年,以牛粪为原料进行了不同调理剂、翻堆次数、接种剂和不同环境温度条件下的无害化处理试验,对牛粪无害化处理的主要指标进行了测定.结果表明,不同调理剂都能完成牛粪无害化处理过程,调理剂不同可影响堆肥的养分含量,调理剂的选择要根据应用目的而定;翻堆次数对牛粪无害化处理指标影响不大,为节省成本,可3 d左右翻堆1次;不同环境温度对牛粪无害化处理进程影响较大,环境温度≥10℃时,牛粪可在7～10 d内完成无害化处理,环境温度在10～10℃时.无害化处理时间一般为15～20d,北方寒区能满足这一条件的时间是每年的4～11月;环境温度低于-10℃,需采取保温措施才能完成牛粪无害化处理过程;当环境温度较高时,接种菌剂对牛粪无害化处理进程影响不大,当环境温度较低时,接种菌剂可促进牛粪无害化处理进程.
위탐색북방한구규모화양우장우분무해화처리모식,학정우분무해화처리관건기술,편제우분무해화처리조작규정.2007-2008년,이우분위원료진행료불동조리제、번퇴차수、접충제화불동배경온도조건하적무해화처리시험,대우분무해화처리적주요지표진행료측정.결과표명,불동조리제도능완성우분무해화처리과정,조리제불동가영향퇴비적양분함량,조리제적선택요근거응용목적이정;번퇴차수대우분무해화처리지표영향불대,위절성성본,가3 d좌우번퇴1차;불동배경온도대우분무해화처리진정영향교대,배경온도≥10℃시,우분가재7～10 d내완성무해화처리,배경온도재10～10℃시.무해화처리시간일반위15～20d,북방한구능만족저일조건적시간시매년적4～11월;배경온도저우-10℃,수채취보온조시재능완성우분무해화처리과정;당배경온도교고시,접충균제대우분무해화처리진정영향불대,당배경온도교저시,접충균제가촉진우분무해화처리진정.
This study aimed at optimizing the operating ofcow dung eomposting non-hazardous treatment in large-scale cow farm in northern cold regions.Used cow dung ag row material under different amendments,turning times,microbial inoculants and environment temperature conditions to make cowC dung composting innocuous from 2007 to 2008,and determined indicators of innocuous.The conditioner experiment included four disposals.The resuhs showed that rice chaft and turfy soil as conditioner could accelerate temperature rising and make com-posting innocuous while rice chaff was better than trufy.The quantity of bacteria in composting with rice chaff was more than it with turfy soil,and the quantity of fungi was opposite,both of the conditioner had little effect on the quantity of actinomyees.The lixivium of composting product had restraining effect on wheat seed and cole seed when it wag diluted 10 times and had simulative effect when it was diluted 50 times.the effect of cole was better than wheat.Environmental temperature experiment used rice chaff as conditioner.The result showed that the ferment agent had little effect on composting temperature rising when environment temperature was above 10℃and had accelerating ef-feet when it was below 10℃.Topically,every amendments could make composting innocuous,which to choose according to the purpose of application.Turn over every two days was the most economical method since turning times had little effect on indicators of innocuous.Envi-ronment temperature affected compositing process obviously,7 to 10 days completed innocuous process when it was above 10℃,the 15 to 20 days completed when it was between 10℃to-10℃.And we must adept heat preservation messures to complete composting innocuous pro-cess when the environment temperature below-10℃.Bacteria and actinomyces had vigorous activities when environment temperature was low.conversely the effect of them were restrained.