CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解我国狂犬病持续流行相关影响因素,以其对防控工作提供基础数据.方法采用统计分析和描述流行病学的方法对我国2010年狂犬病的流行情况进行分析.结果 2010年全国23个省817个县(区)报告狂犬病病例为2048例,较2009年下降7.46％.病例以儿童和老人发病率较高,职业以农民(69.14％)为主,男女发病比为2.44:1.全国哨点监测共上报640例个案,致伤动物以犬(87.50％)为主,暴露方式以咬伤为主,病例的暴露后自行处理率、疫苗注射率及被动免疫制剂使用率仍然较差.门诊监测病例暴露后预防处置除个别省外大部分监测点疫苗注射率达98％以上,但Ⅲ度暴露后被动免疫制剂的使用率不高.结论 2010年全国狂犬病疫情有所缓解,门诊病例暴露后预防处置情况良好,但个案病例暴露后预防处置情况依然没有得到改善.
목적 료해아국광견병지속류행상관영향인소,이기대방공공작제공기출수거.방법 채용통계분석화묘술류행병학적방법대아국2010년광견병적류행정황진행분석.결과 2010년전국23개성817개현(구)보고광견병병례위2048례,교2009년하강7.46％.병례이인동화노인발병솔교고,직업이농민(69.14％)위주,남녀발병비위2.44:1.전국초점감측공상보640례개안,치상동물이견(87.50％)위주,폭로방식이교상위주,병례적폭로후자행처리솔、역묘주사솔급피동면역제제사용솔잉연교차.문진감측병례폭로후예방처치제개별성외대부분감측점역묘주사솔체98％이상,단Ⅲ도폭로후피동면역제제적사용솔불고.결론 2010년전국광견병역정유소완해,문진병례폭로후예방처치정황량호,단개안병례폭로후예방처치정황의연몰유득도개선.
Objective To understand the related factors of rabies epidemic and provide the basic data for rabies control and prevention in China by statistic and retrospective analysis of rabies surveillance data in 2010.Methods We used descriptive epidemiology method and statistic analysis to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in 2010 of China.Results 2048 rabies cases were rabies cases were reported in 817 counties (districts) in 2010,which dropped 7.46％ compares to 2009.The incidences in children and elder people were high; farmers are main occupation of the cases,the male to female ratio of the cases was 2.44:1.Children and older people are higher acquired rabies than other age population.640 cases reported through national rabies sentinel surveillance system,87.50％ cases were caused by exposed to dogs,bite was the main exposure reason.The situation of deposing wounds was poor,and the use of vaccine was still low in individual cases,but in the rabies clinic cases under surveillance,the vaccine usage can reach 98％,the usage of immunoglobulin (RIG) or anti-serum for category Ⅲ exposure in either group cases was not high.Conclusion The epidemic of the rabies in 2010 was eased,Out-patient post-exposure prophylaxis was in good station,but there are still lots of problem existed: post-exposure prophylaxis of individual case was not desirable yet.