CAJ | 학술논문

MicroRNA是一类内源性的非编码小分子RNA,通过下调蛋白编码基因的表达而对不同的细胞发育过程起到重要的调控作用.分析组织或细胞样本中microRNA的表达可为研究这类分子的生物学功能提供重要的信息.近年来,研究者发展了许多方法检测不同的生理和病理学过程中microRNA的表达差异,并发现microRNA的异常表达与癌症、神经紊乱和心脏疾病等的发生相关.文章系统地介绍了最新发展的microRNA定量检测方法,详细阐述了基于探针杂交技术的Northern blotting法、微阵列芯片法、纳米金标记法、桥连同位素标记法,以及基于扩增技术的定量PCR检测法、滚环扩增法、引物入侵法和新一代大规模高通量测序法等,并对这些方法的优缺点进行了分析比较.
MicroRNA시일류내원성적비편마소분자RNA,통과하조단백편마기인적표체이대불동적세포발육과정기도중요적조공작용.분석조직혹세포양본중microRNA적표체가위연구저류분자적생물학공능제공중요적신식.근년래,연구자발전료허다방법검측불동적생리화병이학과정중microRNA적표체차이,병발현microRNA적이상표체여암증、신경문란화심장질병등적발생상관.문장계통지개소료최신발전적microRNA정량검측방법,상세천술료기우탐침잡교기술적Northern blotting법、미진렬심편법、납미금표기법、교련동위소표기법,이급기우확증기술적정량PCR검측법、곤배확증법、인물입침법화신일대대규모고통량측서법등,병대저사방법적우결점진행료분석비교.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the control of developmental process of different cells by negative regulation of protein-coding gene expression. Analyzing miRNA expression in tissues or cells can supply valuable information for investigating the biological function of these molecules. Recently, researchers had proposed a number of approaches for analyzing the differences of miRNA expression among dif-ferent physiological or pathological conditions, and found that aberrant expression of miRNA was related to cancers, neu-rological disorders and heart diseases, etc. This review focuses on newly developed strategies for miRNA quantification, and elucidates in detail the probe-hybridization based methods including Northern blotting, microarray, gold nanoparticle labelling, and splinted ligation with radioactive labels. The amplification-based methods including quantitative PCR, rolling cycle amplification, invader assay, and the next generation sequencing methods were also discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods were compared.