华中科技大学学报（医学版）
華中科技大學學報（醫學版）
화중과기대학학보（의학판）
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS MEDICINAE TONGJI
2009年
5期
561-570,580
,共11页
周远忠%熊承良%尹平%商学军%魏晟%刘鸿%刘国辉%王学义%张玫玫%李新伟%官黄涛%肖敦振%庞雪冰%任宁%王敏
週遠忠%熊承良%尹平%商學軍%魏晟%劉鴻%劉國輝%王學義%張玫玫%李新偉%官黃濤%肖敦振%龐雪冰%任寧%王敏
주원충%웅승량%윤평%상학군%위성%류홍%류국휘%왕학의%장매매%리신위%관황도%초돈진%방설빙%임저%왕민
大学生%避孕%现况调查
大學生%避孕%現況調查
대학생%피잉%현황조사
college students%contraception%cross-sectional study
目的 了解中国未婚大学生避孕节育教育与服务的现状及需求,为高校开展避孕节育服务和教育提供参考.方法 采用定量研究方法,根据知情同意原则选择80 000名大学生进行匿名问卷调查.结果 共回收74 258份有效问卷,避孕相关知识知晓率总体水平偏低,女生高于男生,医学类学生高于其他专业学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).70%以上的学生对婚前性行为及未婚同居持宽容态度,但认为有必要学习更多避孕知识的达87.2%;未婚性交发生率为14.4%;性交中每次都采取避孕措施的只有28.7%;未婚性交中导致意外妊娠的比例达25.2%,男生高于女生,本科生高于博士生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).科普读物或报刊杂志(70.1%)、网络(54.6%)及同学朋友(41.6%)是大学生获取避孕节育知识的3种最主要途径,大学生最推崇的3种避孕节育知识获取方式是科普读物或报刊杂志(69.2%)、课程教育或专题讲座(61.4%)及网络(48.5%);有性行为史的大学生中57.3%从超市、药店购买避孕药具,只有5.9%通过校医院、保健科获得,而其中51.7%最希望通过超市或药店购买避孕药具,只有9.9%最希望通过学校医院/保健科免费提供而获得;90.1%的大学生认为大学有必要开展避孕节育相关知识教育,39.7%的学生希望以课程教育的形式开展避孕节育教育,64.5%的学生认为大学避孕节育教育应该从大一即开展,越早越好.结论 大学生性观念开放,避孕节育相关知识知晓率低,性行为中意外妊娠发生比例高;大学生对避孕节育知识和方法有迫切的需求,希望通过课程教育等多种形式获得,但如何保障大学生隐秘,使其方便地获取避孕节育服务需进一步探讨.
目的 瞭解中國未婚大學生避孕節育教育與服務的現狀及需求,為高校開展避孕節育服務和教育提供參攷.方法 採用定量研究方法,根據知情同意原則選擇80 000名大學生進行匿名問捲調查.結果 共迴收74 258份有效問捲,避孕相關知識知曉率總體水平偏低,女生高于男生,醫學類學生高于其他專業學生,差異有統計學意義(P<0.01).70%以上的學生對婚前性行為及未婚同居持寬容態度,但認為有必要學習更多避孕知識的達87.2%;未婚性交髮生率為14.4%;性交中每次都採取避孕措施的隻有28.7%;未婚性交中導緻意外妊娠的比例達25.2%,男生高于女生,本科生高于博士生,差異有統計學意義(P<0.01).科普讀物或報刊雜誌(70.1%)、網絡(54.6%)及同學朋友(41.6%)是大學生穫取避孕節育知識的3種最主要途徑,大學生最推崇的3種避孕節育知識穫取方式是科普讀物或報刊雜誌(69.2%)、課程教育或專題講座(61.4%)及網絡(48.5%);有性行為史的大學生中57.3%從超市、藥店購買避孕藥具,隻有5.9%通過校醫院、保健科穫得,而其中51.7%最希望通過超市或藥店購買避孕藥具,隻有9.9%最希望通過學校醫院/保健科免費提供而穫得;90.1%的大學生認為大學有必要開展避孕節育相關知識教育,39.7%的學生希望以課程教育的形式開展避孕節育教育,64.5%的學生認為大學避孕節育教育應該從大一即開展,越早越好.結論 大學生性觀唸開放,避孕節育相關知識知曉率低,性行為中意外妊娠髮生比例高;大學生對避孕節育知識和方法有迫切的需求,希望通過課程教育等多種形式穫得,但如何保障大學生隱祕,使其方便地穫取避孕節育服務需進一步探討.
목적 료해중국미혼대학생피잉절육교육여복무적현상급수구,위고교개전피잉절육복무화교육제공삼고.방법 채용정량연구방법,근거지정동의원칙선택80 000명대학생진행닉명문권조사.결과 공회수74 258빈유효문권,피잉상관지식지효솔총체수평편저,녀생고우남생,의학류학생고우기타전업학생,차이유통계학의의(P<0.01).70%이상적학생대혼전성행위급미혼동거지관용태도,단인위유필요학습경다피잉지식적체87.2%;미혼성교발생솔위14.4%;성교중매차도채취피잉조시적지유28.7%;미혼성교중도치의외임신적비례체25.2%,남생고우녀생,본과생고우박사생,차이유통계학의의(P<0.01).과보독물혹보간잡지(70.1%)、망락(54.6%)급동학붕우(41.6%)시대학생획취피잉절육지식적3충최주요도경,대학생최추숭적3충피잉절육지식획취방식시과보독물혹보간잡지(69.2%)、과정교육혹전제강좌(61.4%)급망락(48.5%);유성행위사적대학생중57.3%종초시、약점구매피잉약구,지유5.9%통과교의원、보건과획득,이기중51.7%최희망통과초시혹약점구매피잉약구,지유9.9%최희망통과학교의원/보건과면비제공이획득;90.1%적대학생인위대학유필요개전피잉절육상관지식교육,39.7%적학생희망이과정교육적형식개전피잉절육교육,64.5%적학생인위대학피잉절육교육응해종대일즉개전,월조월호.결론 대학생성관념개방,피잉절육상관지식지효솔저,성행위중의외임신발생비례고;대학생대피잉절육지식화방법유박절적수구,희망통과과정교육등다충형식획득,단여하보장대학생은비,사기방편지획취피잉절육복무수진일보탐토.
Objective To investigate the current status and requirements of sexual behavior and contraceptive education and service among unmarried college/university students in China,and to provide evidence for effective contraceptive service and ed-ucation in colleges/universities. Methods Quantitative surveys were employed,and questionnaires were conducted anonymously among 80 000 college/university students after informed consent. Results From 74 258 available questionnaires, the understanding of contraceptive knowledge was low,that in female student was superior to that in male students,and that in medical students was superior to that in non-medical students with the difference being statistically significant(P<0. 01). Premarital sex and unmarried cohabitation had been accepted by more than 70% of college/university students. 87. 2% students of them believed learning more contraceptive knowledge was necessary. 14. 4% of responders had ever experienced sexual intercourse,and among of those who had the experience, 28. 7% college/university students always had contraceptive use in sexual intercourse. 25. 2% of college/university students had experienced unexpected pregnancy,and the incidence of unexpected pregnancy relative to male students and undergraduate students was higher than that in female and doctor students,with the difference being statistically significant between them(P<0. 01). The most popular channels to get contraceptive knowledge among college/ university students were from magazines and books( 70. 1 % ) , internet(54. 6 %), and peers and classmates(41. 6 %), but the best three ways that were considered by students were through magazines and books(69. 2%),courses and lectures(61. 4%) ,and in-ternet(48. 5%). 57. 3% students who had experience of sexual intercourse get contraception from supermarkets and drugstore, only 5. 9% of them was from hospital in campus; 90. 1 % of college/university students thought education of contraception in college/university was necessary,39. 7% of students considered that curriculum about contraception should be setup. Conclusion Most college/university students have an open attitude towards sex,but the proportion of contraceptive knowledge grasped by students was very low,and the incidence of unintended pregnancy was high. There is an urgent need to setup contraceptive curriculum in the college/university,but how to supply contraceptive service needs further investigation.
