大气科学进展(英文版)
大氣科學進展(英文版)
대기과학진전(영문판)
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
2001年
5期
659-673
,共15页
布和朝鲁%纪立人%孙淑清%崔茂常
佈和朝魯%紀立人%孫淑清%崔茂常
포화조로%기립인%손숙청%최무상
EAWM%海-陆-气相互作用%年际变化%亚洲夏季风
EAWM%海-陸-氣相互作用%年際變化%亞洲夏季風
EAWM%해-륙-기상호작용%년제변화%아주하계풍
基于观测资料分析,本文讨论了与东亚冬季风(EAWM)异常活动相联系的海-陆-气系统
的特征,指出它往往是随后亚洲夏季风异常的一个信号。我们分析并确定了一类重要的海气
耦合模态,即EAWM。它所包含的海-气双向相互作用,使该模态的SSTA分布得以发展和持
续。特别是在西太平洋和南海等关键地区,SSTA异常将从冬季维持到夏季。在强冬季风年,
青藏高原积雪冬季在其东部出现负距平区,春季则延伸到高原西北部。SSTA及高原积雪分
布,共同构成调制亚洲季风环流的重要因子,它将有助于1)随后南海季风和季风降水的增强;2)
梅雨期西太平洋副高偏北,长江流域少雨;3)夏季我国东北和日本多雨;4)阿拉伯海和印度东北
多雨,而印度西南部及孟加拉湾少雨。总之,强EAWM及相联的海气相互作用,一定程度上,
预示着亚洲夏季风的活动特征。
基于觀測資料分析,本文討論瞭與東亞鼕季風(EAWM)異常活動相聯繫的海-陸-氣繫統
的特徵,指齣它往往是隨後亞洲夏季風異常的一箇信號。我們分析併確定瞭一類重要的海氣
耦閤模態,即EAWM。它所包含的海-氣雙嚮相互作用,使該模態的SSTA分佈得以髮展和持
續。特彆是在西太平洋和南海等關鍵地區,SSTA異常將從鼕季維持到夏季。在彊鼕季風年,
青藏高原積雪鼕季在其東部齣現負距平區,春季則延伸到高原西北部。SSTA及高原積雪分
佈,共同構成調製亞洲季風環流的重要因子,它將有助于1)隨後南海季風和季風降水的增彊;2)
梅雨期西太平洋副高偏北,長江流域少雨;3)夏季我國東北和日本多雨;4)阿拉伯海和印度東北
多雨,而印度西南部及孟加拉灣少雨。總之,彊EAWM及相聯的海氣相互作用,一定程度上,
預示著亞洲夏季風的活動特徵。
기우관측자료분석,본문토론료여동아동계풍(EAWM)이상활동상련계적해-륙-기계통
적특정,지출타왕왕시수후아주하계풍이상적일개신호。아문분석병학정료일류중요적해기
우합모태,즉EAWM。타소포함적해-기쌍향상호작용,사해모태적SSTA분포득이발전화지
속。특별시재서태평양화남해등관건지구,SSTA이상장종동계유지도하계。재강동계풍년,
청장고원적설동계재기동부출현부거평구,춘계칙연신도고원서북부。SSTA급고원적설분
포,공동구성조제아주계풍배류적중요인자,타장유조우1)수후남해계풍화계풍강수적증강;2)
매우기서태평양부고편북,장강류역소우;3)하계아국동북화일본다우;4)아랍백해화인도동북
다우,이인도서남부급맹가랍만소우。총지,강EAWM급상련적해기상호작용,일정정도상,
예시착아주하계풍적활동특정。
Based on the data analysis, this study further explores the characteristics of East Asian winter monsoon
(hereafter, EAWM, for brevity) as well as the related air-sea-land system, and illustrates how and to what
degree anomalous signals of the subsequent Asian summer monsoon are rooted in the preceding EAWM ac
tivity. We identified an important air-sea coupled mode, i.e., the EAWM mode illustrated in Section 3. In
cold seasons, strong EAWM-reiated air-sea two-way interaction is responsible for the development and
persistence of the SSTA pattern of EAWM mode. As a consequence, the key regions, i.e., the western Pacific
and South China Sea (hereafter, SCS, for brevity), are dominated by such an SSTA pattern from the winter
to the following summer. In the strong EAWM years, the deficient snow cover dominates eastern Tibetan
Plateau in winter, and in spring, this anomaly pattern is further strengthened and extended to the
northwestern side of Tibetan Plateau. Thus, the combined effect of strong EAWM-related SSTA and
Tibetan snow cover constitutes an important factor in modulating the Asian monsoon circulation. The ac
tive role of the EAWM activity as well as the related air-sea-land interaction would, in the subsequent sea
sons, lead to: 1) the enhancement of SCS monsoon and related stronger rainfall; 2) the northward displace
ment of subtropical high during Meiyu period and the related deficient rainfall over Meiyu rainband; 3)
above-normal precipitation over the regions from northern Japan to northeastern China in summer; 4)
more rainfall over the Arabian Sea and Northeast India, while less rainfall over southwest India and the Bay
of Bengal. The strong EAWM-related air-sea interaction shows, to some degree, precursory signals to the
following Asian summer monsoon. However, the mechanism for the variability of Indian summer monsoon
subsequent to the strong EAWM years remains uncertain.