浙江林学院学报
浙江林學院學報
절강림학원학보
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG FORESTRY COLLEGE
2010年
1期
22-29
,共8页
金潇潇%陈发棣%陈素梅%房伟民
金瀟瀟%陳髮棣%陳素梅%房偉民
금소소%진발체%진소매%방위민
园艺学%菊花%花瓣%营养品质%主成分分析
園藝學%菊花%花瓣%營養品質%主成分分析
완예학%국화%화판%영양품질%주성분분석
horticulture%chrysanthemum%petal%nutritional quality%principle component analysis
对20个菊花Dendranthema×grandiflorum品种花瓣的营养成分进行测定,从观赏菊中筛选出营养品质优良的品种,以丰富食用菊品种群.选取中花型,辨性高的17个观赏菊品种及3个食用菊品种,对盛花期花瓣的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、水分、维生素C、有机酸、粗纤维、15种氨基酸及6种矿质元素的质量分数进行测定.用主成分分析法,将测定的17个观赏菊品种与3个食用菊品种的营养品质进行比较分析,筛选出营养品质优良的品种.20个菊花品种的花瓣中舍有7种人体必须氨基酸,8种药用氨基酸和4种增香剂氨基酸.各品种可溶性糖质量分数为47.7～84.4 g·kg~(-1),可溶性蛋白质量分数为4.3～14.4 g·kg~(-1),维生素C质量分数为0.178 5～0.678 8 g·kg~(-1),水分为83.72%～91.02%,粗纤维质量分数为7.5～34.1 g·kg~(-1),有机酸质量分数为0.7～4.4 g·kg~(-1).各矿质元素质量分数分别为锌18～74 mg·kg~(-1),铁118～1144 mg·kg~(-1),镁1.3～2.0 g·kg~(-1),钙2.5～6.8 g·kg~(-1),钠58～322 mg·kg~(-1),钾20.1～42.7 g·kg~(-1).3个食用菊品种的营养品质存在很大差异,以‘精兴久映'最佳;观赏菊品种‘香槟紫'的营养品质好于‘精兴久映',DF-6和‘秋韵'的营养品质也较高,可以作为优良的食用品种.
對20箇菊花Dendranthema×grandiflorum品種花瓣的營養成分進行測定,從觀賞菊中篩選齣營養品質優良的品種,以豐富食用菊品種群.選取中花型,辨性高的17箇觀賞菊品種及3箇食用菊品種,對盛花期花瓣的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、水分、維生素C、有機痠、粗纖維、15種氨基痠及6種礦質元素的質量分數進行測定.用主成分分析法,將測定的17箇觀賞菊品種與3箇食用菊品種的營養品質進行比較分析,篩選齣營養品質優良的品種.20箇菊花品種的花瓣中捨有7種人體必鬚氨基痠,8種藥用氨基痠和4種增香劑氨基痠.各品種可溶性糖質量分數為47.7～84.4 g·kg~(-1),可溶性蛋白質量分數為4.3～14.4 g·kg~(-1),維生素C質量分數為0.178 5～0.678 8 g·kg~(-1),水分為83.72%～91.02%,粗纖維質量分數為7.5～34.1 g·kg~(-1),有機痠質量分數為0.7～4.4 g·kg~(-1).各礦質元素質量分數分彆為鋅18～74 mg·kg~(-1),鐵118～1144 mg·kg~(-1),鎂1.3～2.0 g·kg~(-1),鈣2.5～6.8 g·kg~(-1),鈉58～322 mg·kg~(-1),鉀20.1～42.7 g·kg~(-1).3箇食用菊品種的營養品質存在很大差異,以‘精興久映'最佳;觀賞菊品種‘香檳紫'的營養品質好于‘精興久映',DF-6和‘鞦韻'的營養品質也較高,可以作為優良的食用品種.
대20개국화Dendranthema×grandiflorum품충화판적영양성분진행측정,종관상국중사선출영양품질우량적품충,이봉부식용국품충군.선취중화형,변성고적17개관상국품충급3개식용국품충,대성화기화판적가용성당、가용성단백、수분、유생소C、유궤산、조섬유、15충안기산급6충광질원소적질량분수진행측정.용주성분분석법,장측정적17개관상국품충여3개식용국품충적영양품질진행비교분석,사선출영양품질우량적품충.20개국화품충적화판중사유7충인체필수안기산,8충약용안기산화4충증향제안기산.각품충가용성당질량분수위47.7～84.4 g·kg~(-1),가용성단백질량분수위4.3～14.4 g·kg~(-1),유생소C질량분수위0.178 5～0.678 8 g·kg~(-1),수분위83.72%～91.02%,조섬유질량분수위7.5～34.1 g·kg~(-1),유궤산질량분수위0.7～4.4 g·kg~(-1).각광질원소질량분수분별위자18～74 mg·kg~(-1),철118～1144 mg·kg~(-1),미1.3～2.0 g·kg~(-1),개2.5～6.8 g·kg~(-1),납58～322 mg·kg~(-1),갑20.1～42.7 g·kg~(-1).3개식용국품충적영양품질존재흔대차이,이‘정흥구영'최가;관상국품충‘향빈자'적영양품질호우‘정흥구영',DF-6화‘추운'적영양품질야교고,가이작위우량적식용품충.
To enrich edible cultivars of chrysanthemum(Dendranthema × grandiflorum), nutritional compo-sition of 20 cuhivars was studied. Content of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, water, vitamin C, organic acid, coarse fiber, 15 types of amino acids, and six types of mineral elements was determined in inflores-cences of 17 ornamental cuhivars and three commercially edible cuhivars consisting of mid-sized flowers with a large number of florets per inflorescence. A principle component analysis was used to evaluate nutri-tional quality. Essential amino acids for humans(7 types), medical amino acids (8 types), and aroma-im-proving amino acids (4 types) were detected in the 20 cuhivars with a range of content for soluble sugars of 47.7-84.4 g·kg~(-1), soluble proteins of 4.3-14.4 g·kg~(-1), vitamin C of 0.178 5-0.678 8 g·kg~(-1), water of 83.72%-91.02%, coarse fiber of 7.5-34.1 g·kg~(-1), and organic acid of 0.7-4.4 g·kg~(-1). Also found were zinc at 18-74 mg·kg~(-1), iron at 118-1 144 mg·kg~(-1), magnesium at 1.3-2.0 g·kg~(-1), calcium at 2.5 -6.8 g·kg~(-1), sodium at 58-322 mg·kg~(-1), and potassium at 20.1-42.7 g·kg~(-1). For nutritional quality a-mong the three commercial edible cultivars('Baohuatangyijing' 'Zifengmudan' 'Jingxingjiuying'), 'Jinx-ingjiuyin' was significantly greater (P<0.05) than the others. However, 'Xiangbinzi', an ornamental culti-var, had higher nutritional quality than 'Jinxingjiuyin' ; other ornamental cultivars, namely 'DF-6' and 'Qiuyun' also exhibited good nutritional quality. These ornamental cuhivars are promising edible chrysan-themum cultivars.
