CAJ | 학술논문

滑坡发育与气候变化关系研究是近年来滑坡灾害研究的热点问题之一.本研究以我国晚更新世以来黄河上游的巨型滑坡为研究对象,分析了其时空分布特征、发育期与气候变化的关系以及气候演变对巨型滑坡发育的作用机理.研究认为:(1)大型古滑坡在时空分布上具有明显的多期性和时段性,大区域滑坡的广泛发育与全球古环境变化的暖湿间冰期之间呈现良好的一致性关系.(2)黄河上游龙羊峡一刘家峡380km的干流河段内发育有大小滑坡205个,滑坡堆积物的残留总方量为78.1×10~8m~3,其中巨型滑坡15个,占滑坡总数的7.3%.(3)干流区内发育有3期滑坡,其中早期滑坡多披覆于黄河Ⅲ～Ⅳ级阶地,光释光年龄显示其发生于MIS-3时期;晚期滑坡多披覆于黄河Ⅱ级阶地,发育于距今约5kaB.P.左右的全新世暖期,现代滑坡披覆于黄河I级阶地,多为早期滑坡前缘因人类工程活动诱发的次级滑坡.
활파발육여기후변화관계연구시근년래활파재해연구적열점문제지일.본연구이아국만경신세이래황하상유적거형활파위연구대상,분석료기시공분포특정、발육기여기후변화적관계이급기후연변대거형활파발육적작용궤리.연구인위:(1)대형고활파재시공분포상구유명현적다기성화시단성,대구역활파적엄범발육여전구고배경변화적난습간빙기지간정현량호적일치성관계.(2)황하상유룡양협일류가협380km적간류하단내발육유대소활파205개,활파퇴적물적잔류총방량위78.1×10~8m~3,기중거형활파15개,점활파총수적7.3%.(3)간류구내발육유3기활파,기중조기활파다피복우황하Ⅲ～Ⅳ급계지,광석광년령현시기발생우MIS-3시기;만기활파다피복우황하Ⅱ급계지,발육우거금약5kaB.P.좌우적전신세난기,현대활파피복우황하I급계지,다위조기활파전연인인류공정활동유발적차급활파.
The coupling mechanism between landslide and climate change is one of the hot topics in the landslide study in recent years. This paper studies the paleo-landslides and present landslides that occurred in the upper Yellow River since late-Pleistocene. The characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of the landslide and the coupling relationship between landslide active periods and climate changes and the climate change-driven mechanism of landslide are analyzed in detail. It is found that: (1) the landslide development is closely related to the climate changes. Most landslides are developed in warm and wet periods such as the marine oxygen isotopic odd stages. Rapid and continuous climatic fluctuation periods usually are also the high-frequency active periods of landslide. (2)There are 205 landslides distributed from Liujia Gorge to Longyang Gorge in the main stream of upper Yellow River. The total volume of residual deposits is 78. 1×10~8 m~3. There are 15 super-large landslides located the main steam,which accounts for 7. 3% of the total landslides. 3)There are three active periods of Paleo-landslides and debris flows in the region from Longyang Gorge to Liujia Gorge of Yellow River. Landslides in the firstactive stage have the OSL age of 18 ～21 kaB. P. Their volume is more than 5× 10~8 m~3. They are developed on the 3~(rd)～4~(th) fluvial terraces of Yellow River. Landslides in the 2nd active stage have the OSL age of 4 -9 kaB. P. Their volume is between 1 ～ 5 ×10~8 m~3. They are developed on the 2nd fluvial terraces of Yellow River. The present landslides are in the 3rd active stage. Their volume is between 0. 5 ～ 1× 10~7m~3. They are developed on the 1st fluvial terraces of Yellow River. The study shows that the Gonghe tectonic movement caused the region uplift and in turn strong down-cutting erosion occurred along the river to form 300 ～ 600m steep slopes. In addition, the rapid climatic fluctuation in the LGM induced the landslide development in the first stage. During the 3 ～ 8 ka B. P. of Holocene Optimal, strong monsoonal rainfall and a large of melted snow and ice converged into Yellow River, which led the landslide development of the second stage. The present landslides were mainly trigged by the human activities.