CAJ | 학술논문

湿地植物的移栽是人工湿地修复的主要组成部分,移栽期间,植物从起苗、运输到栽植时间的长短等都直接影响到湿地植物移栽后的成活率和生长状况.以南四湖人工湿地中芦竹(Arundo donax)、芦苇(Phragmites communis)和香蒲(Trpha latifolia)为研究对象,研究了移栽胁迫在起苗后24h内对3种植物的影响.结果表明:起苗后,芦苇的生物量和叶绿素含量下降速率最小,芦竹的叶绿素含量下降最快;叶绿素荧光方面,芦竹光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)和潜在最大光合能力(Y)最大,光保护能力(NPQ)也最强;香蒲的实际光合效率(φ_(PSⅡ))最大;3种湿地植物的光化学淬灭(qP)、光保护能力和实际光合效率在5h左右即降至最低,而潜在最大光合能力下降至22h后达到稳定的较低值;芦苇的φPPSⅡ、Y、qP、NPQ和香蒲的φ_(PSⅡ)、qPP均与叶绿素含量的减少呈极显著的正相关关系(P＜0.01).以上结果表明,移栽胁迫对3种湿地植物产生了严重的影响,且影响程度为芦苇＞香蒲＞芦竹,起苗后栽植时间分别不宜超过4-6h、6-8h和14-16h,以保证移栽后的植物成活率和正常生长.
습지식물적이재시인공습지수복적주요조성부분,이재기간,식물종기묘、운수도재식시간적장단등도직접영향도습지식물이재후적성활솔화생장상황.이남사호인공습지중호죽(Arundo donax)、호위(Phragmites communis)화향포(Trpha latifolia)위연구대상,연구료이재협박재기묘후24h내대3충식물적영향.결과표명:기묘후,호위적생물량화협록소함량하강속솔최소,호죽적협록소함량하강최쾌;협록소형광방면,호죽광합계통Ⅱ(PSⅡ)적잠재활성(Fv/Fo)화잠재최대광합능력(Y)최대,광보호능력(NPQ)야최강;향포적실제광합효솔(φ_(PSⅡ))최대;3충습지식물적광화학쉬멸(qP)、광보호능력화실제광합효솔재5h좌우즉강지최저,이잠재최대광합능력하강지22h후체도은정적교저치;호위적φPPSⅡ、Y、qP、NPQ화향포적φ_(PSⅡ)、qPP균여협록소함량적감소정겁현저적정상관관계(P＜0.01).이상결과표명,이재협박대3충습지식물산생료엄중적영향,차영향정도위호위＞향포＞호죽,기묘후재식시간분별불의초과4-6h、6-8h화14-16h,이보증이재후적식물성활솔화정상생장.
Transplantation of hydrophytes is an important conduct during the construotion of constructed wetland.Transplanting stress could influence the survival ratio and growth of hydrophyte.The change of transplanting stress with time after lifting on Arundo donax,Phragmites communis and Typha latifolia in Lake Nansi,Shandong Province was studied in this paper.The results were as follows:P.communis had the least decrease in biomass and chlorophyll content among the 3 hydrophytes,while the chlorophyll content of A.donax decreased rapidly after lifting.In terms of the chlorophyll fluorescence,A.donax had the largest latent activity (Fv/Fo)of Photosynthesis System Ⅱ(PS Ⅱ),latent maximum photosynthesis capacity(Y)and light protective capacity (NPQ).T.latifolia had the highest actual photosynthesis efficiency (φ_(PSⅡ))synchronously.Photochemical quenching,light protective capacity and actual photosynthesis efficiency of the 3 hydrophytos all decreased to the lowest in 5 hours after lifting.However,the latent maximum photosynthesis capacity reached the lowest after 22 hours.The φps Ⅱ,Y,qP,NPQ of P.communis and φ_(PSⅡ),qP of T.latifolia showed remarkable positive correlation with the change of chlorophyll content(P ＜ 0.01).The results showed that the transplanting stress had great effects on the 3 hydrophytes,and the degree of influence was following as P.communis ＞ T.latifolia ＞A.donax,indicating the plants should be planted in 4-6h,6-8h and 14-16h after lifting respectively,to sustain high survival ratio and natural growth.