CAJ | 학술논문

土地利用对水资源的影响,直接导致水资源空间和时间分布格局发生变化,从而对流域生态、环境以及经济发展等多方面产生深刻影响.采用多期TM等卫星影像解译土地利用/覆被变化要素,应用斑块破碎度和分段比重百分比指标等方法,研究河西内陆河流域土地利用/覆被变化;应用河川径流的溯源性和零地表水资源尺度等理论,研究土地利用对地表水资源格局的影响.结果表明:土地利用驱使地表水资源格局产生剧烈变异,地表水资源整体向河源溯进;疏勒河水资源受耕地面积扩张等影响中下游径流变化产生紊乱;黑河耕地面积10万hm2成为水资源格局变化的极值,地表水资源损耗量出现逐步减少的趋势;石羊河耕地面积的扩张对地表水资源的影响力不断减小,转化为对地下水影响的加剧.
토지이용대수자원적영향,직접도치수자원공간화시간분포격국발생변화,종이대류역생태、배경이급경제발전등다방면산생심각영향.채용다기TM등위성영상해역토지이용/복피변화요소,응용반괴파쇄도화분단비중백분비지표등방법,연구하서내륙하류역토지이용/복피변화;응용하천경류적소원성화령지표수자원척도등이론,연구토지이용대지표수자원격국적영향.결과표명:토지이용구사지표수자원격국산생극렬변이,지표수자원정체향하원소진;소륵하수자원수경지면적확장등영향중하유경류변화산생문란;흑하경지면적10만hm2성위수자원격국변화적겁치,지표수자원손모량출현축보감소적추세;석양하경지면적적확장대지표수자원적영향력불단감소,전화위대지하수영향적가극.
The land utilization impact on water resources directly results in the changes of spatial and temporal distribution of water resouces,and it further significantly impacts the ecology,environment and economic development in the river basins.Several TM satellite images were used to interpret the factors of land utilization and change of vegetation coverage.The methods of spot fragmentation index and sectional proportion percentage index were applied to study change of land utilization and vegetation coverage in Hexi inland river basins.The theories of runoff tracing back to sources and zero surface water resources scale were applied to study the impact of land utilization on distribution of surface water resources.The study results show that land utilization causes sovere differentiation of the pattern of surface water resources and the overall tracing back of surface water resources;The expansion of farmland has caused turbulence and variation of the runoff change in the lower-and middle-reaches of the Shde River:The area of 100000 hm2 of farmland will be the extremum of water resources distribution change in the Heibe River Basin,the gradual decrease of surface water resources loss is the general trend in the basin;The impact of farmland expansion on surface water resources in Shiyang River Basin will slow down constantly,but it turns into exacerbated impact on groundwater regources.