CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解社区中老年人群盲与低视力的情况.方法根据北京市西长安街社区居委会人口登记,采用逐户上门登记的方法确认被调查者的资格.对待检者2 833人应用问卷调查法询问被调查者的一般状况和生活习惯.对目标受检者进行裸眼视力、小孔视力、非接触眼压测量、裂隙灯检查、检眼镜检查、自动验光仪验光等.采用WHO推荐标准对受检人群盲及低视力结果进行评估,对目标受检人群致盲和低视力的原因进行分析.结果登记50岁以上人口数2 833人,实际调查人数为2 410人,受检率为85.07%.该社区50岁及以上人群盲的患病率为0.79 %,低视力的患病率为5.64%.导致盲的首要病因是白内障,其次是青光眼和视网膜病变.导致低视力的首要病因是白内障,其次是屈光不正和糖尿病视网膜病变(DR).结论北京市西城区西长安街社区≥50岁人群防盲及改善低视力工作的重点是白内障、青光眼、DR及屈光不正的早期诊断和治疗.
목적 료해사구중노년인군맹여저시력적정황.방법 근거북경시서장안가사구거위회인구등기,채용축호상문등기적방법학인피조사자적자격.대대검자2 833인응용문권조사법순문피조사자적일반상황화생활습관.대목표수검자진행라안시력、소공시력、비접촉안압측량、렬극등검사、검안경검사、자동험광의험광등.채용WHO추천표준대수검인군맹급저시력결과진행평고,대목표수검인군치맹화저시력적원인진행분석.결과 등기50세이상인구수2 833인,실제조사인수위2 410인,수검솔위85.07%.해사구50세급이상인군맹적환병솔위0.79 %,저시력적환병솔위5.64%.도치맹적수요병인시백내장,기차시청광안화시망막병변.도치저시력적수요병인시백내장,기차시굴광불정화당뇨병시망막병변(DR).결론 북경시서성구서장안가사구≥50세인군방맹급개선저시력공작적중점시백내장、청광안、DR급굴광불정적조기진단화치료.
Objective To understand the prevalence and cause of eye diseases in the middle and old aged population in community was of important significance for the prevention and treatment of relevant diseases.The present study attempts to survey the prevalence of common eye diseases and conditions of blindness and low vision in 50 years and older population in community of Beijing.MethodsThis was an ophthalmologic epidemiology survey.The 2 833 target population was included and registered in Western Chang'an street community in door-to-door and questionnaire manner between October,2006-October,2007.Multiple factors,such as demography,general conditions,lifestyles,education degree,economical status,medical status and the awareness of relevant ophthalmic knowledge of participants were recorded and evaluated.Relevant eye examinations including uncorrected visual acuity,pinhole visual acuity,non-contact intraocular pressure test,slit-lamp,funduscopy and optometry examinations were performed in Beijing No.2 Hospital by trained ophthalmologists.Blindness and low vision were evaluated based on WHO criteria.The causes of leading-blindness and low vision were analyzed.Oral informed consent was obtained from all of the subjects.Results2 410 individuals of 2 833≥50-year-old participants received complete surveys according to the designed process in this study with an examined rate of 85.07%.The incidence of blindness and low vision in examinees was 0.79% and 5.64% respectively.The positive factors related to blindness and low vision appeared to be age,education and an awareness of relevant ophthalmic knowledge (χ~2=26.62,18.28,21.32,P＜0.001).The primary causes of blindness in examined population,in order,were cataract,glaucoma and retinopathy,and those of low vision were cataracts,refractive error and diabetic retinopathy.ConclusionIt is emphasized that early prevention and treatment for cataract,glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy and refractive errors can reduce the prevalence of blindness and low vision in people over 50 years in the Western Chang'an street community of Beijing.