CAJ | 학술논문

染色体与核型的变化是植物系统发育和进化的一个重要方面.石蒜属Lycoris植物特别是石蒜L.radiata在染色体数目和核型上存在较大的变异.通过对不同居群的石蒜核型研究,可以为石蒜和石蒜属植物的核型演化及演化机制提供一些重要的基础资料.本文对分布于中国安徽省和浙江省的6个石蒜居群进行了细胞学研究.结果表明,6个石蒜居群的染色体数目和核型分别为: 霍山居群2n=44=28st+8t+8T,2n=22=6st+12t+4T; 黄山居群2n=22=22t,2n=22=18st+4t,2n=21=12st+7t+2T; 滁州居群2n=33=33t; 马鞍山居群2n=33=18st+15T,2n=25=1m+20st+2t+2T; 宣城居群2n=22=20st+2T,2n=21=1m+20st; 杭州居群2n=22=12st+4t+6T,2n=21=18st+3t.其中,部分居群的核型类型为首次报道; 并首次发现了四倍体的石蒜居群.此外,对石蒜的核型进化和多倍体起源进行了初步探讨.
염색체여핵형적변화시식물계통발육화진화적일개중요방면.석산속Lycoris식물특별시석산L.radiata재염색체수목화핵형상존재교대적변이.통과대불동거군적석산핵형연구,가이위석산화석산속식물적핵형연화급연화궤제제공일사중요적기출자료.본문대분포우중국안휘성화절강성적6개석산거군진행료세포학연구.결과표명,6개석산거군적염색체수목화핵형분별위: 곽산거군2n=44=28st+8t+8T,2n=22=6st+12t+4T; 황산거군2n=22=22t,2n=22=18st+4t,2n=21=12st+7t+2T; 저주거군2n=33=33t; 마안산거군2n=33=18st+15T,2n=25=1m+20st+2t+2T; 선성거군2n=22=20st+2T,2n=21=1m+20st; 항주거군2n=22=12st+4t+6T,2n=21=18st+3t.기중,부분거군적핵형류형위수차보도; 병수차발현료사배체적석산거군.차외,대석산적핵형진화화다배체기원진행료초보탐토.
Chromosomes and karyotypes are important aspects of plant phylogeny and evolution. The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of Lycoris radiata display great variability among and within different populations. By studying different populations of L. radiata we acquired some basic data on karyotype evolution and evolutionary mechanisms in L. radiata and the genus Lycoris. Six populations of L. radiata from Anhui and Zhejiang provinces in China were investigated cytologically. The chromosome numbers and karyotype formulae are as follows: Huoshan populations, 2n=44=28st+8t+8T, 2n=22=6st+12t+4T; Huangshan populations, 2n=22=22t, 2n=22=18st+4t, 2n=21=12st+7t+2T; Chuzhou population, 2n=33=33t; Ma'anshan populations, 2n=33=18st+15T, 2n=25=1m+20st+2t+2T; Xuancheng populations, 2n=22=20st+2T, 2n=21=1m+20st; and Hangzhou populations 2n=22=12st+4t+6T, 2n=21=18st+3t. The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of some populations are reported here for the first time and the wild tetraploid population of L. radiata was found for the first time. In addition, karyotype evolution among populations and the origin of polyploids are discussed.