CAJ | 학술논문

野生二棱大麦是栽培大麦的祖先.广泛分布于"新月沃地"及中东地中海气候地区的野生二棱大麦有深度休眠和幼苗抗旱的重要特性.以色列"进化峡谷"是模拟研究非洲和欧洲不同生境生物进化与多样性的天然实验室.通过对"进化峡谷"3个微环境的野生二棱大麦种子休眠和幼苗抗旱的研究表明,起源于峡谷南坡(干热的非洲坡)大麦种子休眠深度大于北坡(冷湿的欧洲坡),峡谷底部居中;而对于幼苗抗旱力则恰好相反,北坡大于南坡,底部仍居中.大麦种子休眠深度与幼苗抗旱力呈正相关.结果分析显示,微环境在野生二棱大麦种子休眠和幼苗抗旱特性的自然选择与进化中起明显的决定作用,这两个特性在"进化峡谷"并未受物种内部迁移的影响,而与以色列相应区域有一致的表现.
야생이릉대맥시재배대맥적조선.엄범분포우"신월옥지"급중동지중해기후지구적야생이릉대맥유심도휴면화유묘항한적중요특성.이색렬"진화협곡"시모의연구비주화구주불동생경생물진화여다양성적천연실험실.통과대"진화협곡"3개미배경적야생이릉대맥충자휴면화유묘항한적연구표명,기원우협곡남파(간열적비주파)대맥충자휴면심도대우북파(랭습적구주파),협곡저부거중;이대우유묘항한력칙흡호상반,북파대우남파,저부잉거중.대맥충자휴면심도여유묘항한력정정상관.결과분석현시,미배경재야생이릉대맥충자휴면화유묘항한특성적자연선택여진화중기명현적결정작용,저량개특성재"진화협곡"병미수물충내부천이적영향,이여이색렬상응구역유일치적표현.
Wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, is the progenitor of cultivated barley (H. vulgare). The depth of caryopsis dormancy (germinability) and seedling drought-tolerance are extremely important characteristics of H. spontaneum in the Mediterranean climate. The dormancy depth and seedling drought tolerance of wild barley were investigated at three microsites of "Evolution Canyon", Israel. The south-facing slope (SFS) presents the xeric and warmer habitat, the north-facing slope (NFS) presents the mesic and cooler conditions, and the ecological factors at the bottom area of the canyon are between SFS and NFS. The obtained results showed that caryopses from SFS had significantly deeper dormancy than those from the NFS. Moreover, the seedling revival ability after periods of drought resistance was also significantly higher in caryopses collected from the SFS than from NFS sites, whereas the dormancy and seedling revival ability at the bottom of the canyon showed an intermediate inter-slope pattern. Thus, dormancy depth is positively and significantly correlated with seedling revival after drought. These results display that the microhabitat environment is the dominant adaptive factor in the natural selection for seeds dormancy as well as seedlings drought tolerance of wild barley, and it overrides any inters-lope migration and parallels regional patterns across Israel.