中华老年医学杂志
中華老年醫學雜誌
중화노년의학잡지
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
2012年
5期
363-366
,共4页
痴呆%日常生活活动
癡呆%日常生活活動
치태%일상생활활동
Dementia%Activities of daily living
目的 了解痴呆患者日常生活能力(ADL)下降的情况和模式. 方法 收集痴呆患者204例,其中阿尔茨海默病(AD)106例,血管性痴呆(VD) 54例,其他类型痴呆44例；根据简易智能状态检查表(M MSE),轻、中、重度痴呆患者分别为42例、37例、125例.采用Barthel指数(BI)对患者ADL进行测评,比较不同认知程度、AD和VD痴呆及不同文化程度痴呆患者的日常生活能力.结果 痴呆患者ADL保留最多项目的是大便(48.5％)、小便(44.1％)和梳洗(40.2％)三项,能力保留最少的项目是上楼梯(25.5％)和洗澡(18.1％)；随着认知损害的加重,痴呆患者的BI得分也是明显下降,其中重度(23.2±29.3)分、中度(65.5±26.4)分、轻度痴呆(87.4±22.7)分,其差异有统计学意义(x2=99.686,P=0.000)；AD与VD比较,日常活动能力保留率(16.98％～53.77％)明显高于VD患者(1.85％～33.33％)；不同文化程度痴呆患者BI得分小学及以下(40.1±39.0)分、中学组(45.3±39.6)分、大专及以上组(53.1±37.7)分,其差异无统计学意义(x2=3.653,P=0.161). 结论 中国痴呆患者最易丧失的日常生活功能是洗澡、上楼梯,最易保留的是大便、小便和梳洗.日常生活能力受痴呆程度和类型影响,但与文化程度无明显相关性.
目的 瞭解癡呆患者日常生活能力(ADL)下降的情況和模式. 方法 收集癡呆患者204例,其中阿爾茨海默病(AD)106例,血管性癡呆(VD) 54例,其他類型癡呆44例；根據簡易智能狀態檢查錶(M MSE),輕、中、重度癡呆患者分彆為42例、37例、125例.採用Barthel指數(BI)對患者ADL進行測評,比較不同認知程度、AD和VD癡呆及不同文化程度癡呆患者的日常生活能力.結果 癡呆患者ADL保留最多項目的是大便(48.5％)、小便(44.1％)和梳洗(40.2％)三項,能力保留最少的項目是上樓梯(25.5％)和洗澡(18.1％)；隨著認知損害的加重,癡呆患者的BI得分也是明顯下降,其中重度(23.2±29.3)分、中度(65.5±26.4)分、輕度癡呆(87.4±22.7)分,其差異有統計學意義(x2=99.686,P=0.000)；AD與VD比較,日常活動能力保留率(16.98％～53.77％)明顯高于VD患者(1.85％～33.33％)；不同文化程度癡呆患者BI得分小學及以下(40.1±39.0)分、中學組(45.3±39.6)分、大專及以上組(53.1±37.7)分,其差異無統計學意義(x2=3.653,P=0.161). 結論 中國癡呆患者最易喪失的日常生活功能是洗澡、上樓梯,最易保留的是大便、小便和梳洗.日常生活能力受癡呆程度和類型影響,但與文化程度無明顯相關性.
목적 료해치태환자일상생활능력(ADL)하강적정황화모식. 방법 수집치태환자204례,기중아이자해묵병(AD)106례,혈관성치태(VD) 54례,기타류형치태44례；근거간역지능상태검사표(M MSE),경、중、중도치태환자분별위42례、37례、125례.채용Barthel지수(BI)대환자ADL진행측평,비교불동인지정도、AD화VD치태급불동문화정도치태환자적일상생활능력.결과 치태환자ADL보류최다항목적시대편(48.5％)、소편(44.1％)화소세(40.2％)삼항,능력보류최소적항목시상루제(25.5％)화세조(18.1％)；수착인지손해적가중,치태환자적BI득분야시명현하강,기중중도(23.2±29.3)분、중도(65.5±26.4)분、경도치태(87.4±22.7)분,기차이유통계학의의(x2=99.686,P=0.000)；AD여VD비교,일상활동능력보류솔(16.98％～53.77％)명현고우VD환자(1.85％～33.33％)；불동문화정도치태환자BI득분소학급이하(40.1±39.0)분、중학조(45.3±39.6)분、대전급이상조(53.1±37.7)분,기차이무통계학의의(x2=3.653,P=0.161). 결론 중국치태환자최역상실적일상생활공능시세조、상루제,최역보류적시대편、소편화소세.일상생활능력수치태정도화류형영향,단여문화정도무명현상관성.
Objective To investigate the decreasing pattern of activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with dementia. Methods A total of 204 patients with dementia were collected,among which 106 cases were with Alzheimer's diseases(AD),54 cases with vascular dementia(VD),44 cases with other types of dementia.According to the scores of mini-mental state examination(MMSE),mild,moderate and severe dementia were 42 cases,37 cases and 125 cases,respectively.All of them were assessed by Barthel index(BI) and compared among degrees of dementia,between AD and VD,and levels of education. Results The most reserved items were bowel movement (48.5 ％),urination (44.1 ％) and grooming (40.2％),while the most vulnerable items were climbing stairs (25.5％) and bathing(18.1％).With increasing impairment of cognition,the scores of BI were getting decreasing. There were significant differences among severe [(23.20 ± 29.27)scores],moderate[(65.54 ± 26.35) scores] and mild [(87.38 ± 22.69) scores] groups (x2 =99.686,P =0.000). Basic ADL were more reserved in AD (16.98％-53.77％) compared with VD (1.85％-33.33％) patients.No significant differences were found(x2 =3.653,P=0.161)among patients with education of primary school and below [(40.1 ± 39.0) scores],middle school[(45.3 ± 39.6 ) scores],and high school and above[(53.1 ± 37.7) scores]. Conclusions Among patients with dementia,bowel control,bladder control and grooming are well reserved,climbing stairs and bathing are vulnerable functions.Basic activities of daily living may be affected by cognitive status and the types of dementia but not levels of culture.
