山西农业科学
山西農業科學
산서농업과학
JOURNAL OF SHANXI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2010年
4期
37-41
,共5页
焦晓燕%王立革%张东玲%张京社%董二伟
焦曉燕%王立革%張東玲%張京社%董二偉
초효연%왕립혁%장동령%장경사%동이위
日光节能温室%施肥现状%蔬菜%养分吸收量
日光節能溫室%施肥現狀%蔬菜%養分吸收量
일광절능온실%시비현상%소채%양분흡수량
Solar-greenhouse%Fertilizer application%Vegetables%Nutrient requirement
对分布在山西省南部和中部栽培年限在1~15年的160余个日光节能温室施肥现状进行了调查,结果表明,(1)山西省日光节能温室施N量高达1 500~2 400 kg/hm~2,施P量高达370~620 kg/hm~2,施K量高达1200~2000kg/hm~2,远远高于蔬菜需肥量,尤其是P的使用量几乎是蔬菜对P吸收量的5~10倍;(2)农民习惯施用的N,P,K比例为2~4:1:1.8~4,与蔬菜N,P,K养分吸收比例不相符;(3)50%以上的N,P和30%左右的K是以有机肥形式提供;60%~70%的N,70%的P和30%~50%的K以底肥施入,而蔬菜生长前期植物生长比较缓慢,需肥量较少,会导致肥料淋洗和浪费.针对上述生产现状提出了相应的建议与对策.
對分佈在山西省南部和中部栽培年限在1~15年的160餘箇日光節能溫室施肥現狀進行瞭調查,結果錶明,(1)山西省日光節能溫室施N量高達1 500~2 400 kg/hm~2,施P量高達370~620 kg/hm~2,施K量高達1200~2000kg/hm~2,遠遠高于蔬菜需肥量,尤其是P的使用量幾乎是蔬菜對P吸收量的5~10倍;(2)農民習慣施用的N,P,K比例為2~4:1:1.8~4,與蔬菜N,P,K養分吸收比例不相符;(3)50%以上的N,P和30%左右的K是以有機肥形式提供;60%~70%的N,70%的P和30%~50%的K以底肥施入,而蔬菜生長前期植物生長比較緩慢,需肥量較少,會導緻肥料淋洗和浪費.針對上述生產現狀提齣瞭相應的建議與對策.
대분포재산서성남부화중부재배년한재1~15년적160여개일광절능온실시비현상진행료조사,결과표명,(1)산서성일광절능온실시N량고체1 500~2 400 kg/hm~2,시P량고체370~620 kg/hm~2,시K량고체1200~2000kg/hm~2,원원고우소채수비량,우기시P적사용량궤호시소채대P흡수량적5~10배;(2)농민습관시용적N,P,K비례위2~4:1:1.8~4,여소채N,P,K양분흡수비례불상부;(3)50%이상적N,P화30%좌우적K시이유궤비형식제공;60%~70%적N,70%적P화30%~50%적K이저비시입,이소채생장전기식물생장비교완만,수비량교소,회도치비료림세화낭비.침대상술생산현상제출료상응적건의여대책.
Situation of fertilizer application in more than 160 solar-greenhouses, which have been cultivated for 1 to 15 years, were investigated. The results demonstrated that N, P and K application rates were as high as 1 500~ 2 400 kg/hm~2, 370 ~ 620 kg/hm~2 and 1 200 ~ 2 000 kg/hm~2, respectively. N, P and K application ratio did not match their requirements by vegetables; in which more than half of N and P, 30% of K were supplied as manure. Although small amount of nutrient was required just after vegetables were transplanted, majority of N, P and half of K were usually supplied before transplanting. Suggestions were made to the problems of vegetable production under conditions of solar-greenhouse.