CAJ | 학술논문

棒-板间隙是研究空气间隙放电的最典型间隙，其操作冲击放电特性是输电工程线路和换流站／变电站空气间隙选择的重要依据之一。为了更深入地研究棒-板间隙的操作冲击放电特性，选择不同直径的棒电极，以及半球彤和圆锥形2种棒电极端部形状，在2～5m间隙距离下进行了正极性操作冲击放电特性的试验，得到了棒电极端部形状和棒电极直径的改变对棒-板间隙正极性操作冲击50％放电电压造成的影响。另外，在北京、西宁和羊八井等几个不同海拔地区进行了临界半径的对比试验。通过改变棒电极端部连接球面的半径，得到了不同间隙距离对应的临界半径。由试验可以得出，当棒电极结构的半径小于临界半径时，棒电极半径和端部形状的改变不会对间隙的50％放电电压产生明显影响；临界半径随间隙距离的增加而增加，且随着海拔高度的增加，同一间隙对应的临界半径也随之增加。
봉-판간극시연구공기간극방전적최전형간극，기조작충격방전특성시수전공정선로화환류참／변전참공기간극선택적중요의거지일。위료경심입지연구봉-판간극적조작충격방전특성，선택불동직경적봉전겁，이급반구동화원추형2충봉전겁단부형상，재2～5m간극거리하진행료정겁성조작충격방전특성적시험，득도료봉전겁단부형상화봉전겁직경적개변대봉-판간극정겁성조작충격50％방전전압조성적영향。령외，재북경、서저화양팔정등궤개불동해발지구진행료림계반경적대비시험。통과개변봉전겁단부련접구면적반경，득도료불동간극거리대응적림계반경。유시험가이득출，당봉전겁결구적반경소우림계반경시，봉전겁반경화단부형상적개변불회대간극적50％방전전압산생명현영향；림계반경수간극거리적증가이증가，차수착해발고도적증가，동일간극대응적림계반경야수지증가。
Rod-plane air gap is the most typical gap in the research of air gap discharge, and its switching impulse characteristic is a very important factor for dimension of air gaps in the project design of transmission lines and converter stations/substations in transmission project. To study switching impulse characteristic of rod-plane air gap deeply, positive switching impulse discharge tests were carried out using rod electrodes with different diameters, hemisphere and cone shape in their heads. The influence of shape and diameter of rod electrode on 50% flashover voltage was concluded. To obtain the critical radius at different altitudes, comparison tests were carried out in Beijing, Xining and Yangbajing, and the critical radius corresponding to different gap distances were obtained through changing the radius of sphere connecting rod electrode. It is shown that when radius of rod electrode is less than critical radius, the change of radius and shape of rod electrode will not affect 50% flashover voltage of air gap; The critical radius will increase when gap distance increases, and the critical radius corresponding to a certain gap distance will increase at high altitude.