CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】为了明确引起冬枣早期落叶病的致病菌并选择有效的药剂进行防治。【方法】采集具有典型症状的病害标样，室内分离纯化后选取5个代表菌株，对病原细菌形态、培养性状、染色反应、生理生化反应和致病性等性状进行测定，并与棉花角斑病菌和烟草野火病菌进行比较、同时室内测定了31种杀菌剂对冬枣早期落叶病病菌的皿内抑菌效果；【结果】结果表明，甘蓝黑腐黄单胞菌和洋葱假单胞菌均能引起冬枣早期落叶病，田间以甘蓝黑腐黄单胞菌侵染为主。硫酸链霉素、72％农用链霉素、新植霉素、50％代森锰锌等4种药剂防治效果最好，抑菌圈直径为j．8～4．8cm，押菌斑透明程度好。[结论]初步筛选出了4～6种抑菌效果较好的单剂，用于田间防治试验和防治示范推广。
【목적】위료명학인기동조조기락협병적치병균병선택유효적약제진행방치。【방법】채집구유전형증상적병해표양，실내분리순화후선취5개대표균주，대병원세균형태、배양성상、염색반응、생리생화반응화치병성등성상진행측정，병여면화각반병균화연초야화병균진행비교、동시실내측정료31충살균제대동조조기락협병병균적명내억균효과；【결과】결과표명，감람흑부황단포균화양총가단포균균능인기동조조기락협병，전간이감람흑부황단포균침염위주。류산련매소、72％농용련매소、신식매소、50％대삼맹자등4충약제방치효과최호，억균권직경위j．8～4．8cm，압균반투명정도호。[결론]초보사선출료4～6충억균효과교호적단제，용우전간방치시험화방치시범추엄。
[Objective] The research aimed to determine the pathogen caused by the leaf cast disease of winter jujube and screen effective fungicides. [Method] Disease samples showed typical symptom were collected and five representative strains were selected to determine morphology, cultural characters, staining reaction, physiological and biochemical reactions and pathogenicity of pathogen, compared with Xantflomonas campestris pv.malvacearum and Psedomonas syringae pv.tabaci. The antibacterial effects of 31 fungicides on the pathogen caused by the leaf cast disease of winter jujube were determined indoor. [Result] The result showed that the leaf cast disease of winter jujube caused by Xanthomonas campestris （Pammel） Dowson and Xanthomonas cepacia Burkhodor. In the field the leaf cast disease caused mainly by Xanthomonas campestris （Pammel） Dowson. The control effects of streptomycin sulfate, 72% streptomycin, neomycin and 50% mancozeh were best. The diameter of inhibition zone reached i.8- 4.8 cm with good transparency. [Conclusion] 4- 6 kinds of fungicides were selected to control the leaf cast disease of winter jujube, which used in the field control tests, demonstration and popularization.