科技导报
科技導報
과기도보
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
2010年
6期
103-111
,共9页
瓮安生物群%胚胎化石%陡山沱组%同步辐射%显微CT
甕安生物群%胚胎化石%陡山沱組%同步輻射%顯微CT
옹안생물군%배태화석%두산타조%동보복사%현미CT
Weng'an Biota%embryo fossil%doushantuo formation%synchrotron radiation%micro-CT
瓮安生物群指产出于贵州瓮安磷矿地区新元古代埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱组(635～551Ma)上磷矿段的一个特殊磷酸盐化微体化石组合,主要由多细胞藻类、大型带刺疑源类和处于不同发育阶段的多种后生动物胚胎组成,并包括少量可能的后生动物幼虫和成体化石.瓮安生物群作为迄今为止世界上最古老的前寒武纪后生动物化石群,为探索后生动物的起源和早期演化历程提供了独一无二的实证记录.10余年来,瓮安生物群中动物胚胎化石的研究取得多项突破性进展,已确认至少5种不同卵裂方式的动物胚胎化石,胚胎化石分类从单纯的形态学分类向生物学分类转变.为揭示瓮安生物群中动物多样性提供了更多线索.同时,相关研究更新了繁盛于埃迪卡拉纪大型带刺疑源类生物属性的传统认识,并将之与有表面装饰的动物休眠卵(滞育胚胎)化石相联系.同步辐射X射线显微CT技术的应用成功解决了胚胎化石三维无损成像难题,为古胚胎学的发展带来了新的机遇.
甕安生物群指產齣于貴州甕安燐礦地區新元古代埃迪卡拉紀陡山沱組(635～551Ma)上燐礦段的一箇特殊燐痠鹽化微體化石組閤,主要由多細胞藻類、大型帶刺疑源類和處于不同髮育階段的多種後生動物胚胎組成,併包括少量可能的後生動物幼蟲和成體化石.甕安生物群作為迄今為止世界上最古老的前寒武紀後生動物化石群,為探索後生動物的起源和早期縯化歷程提供瞭獨一無二的實證記錄.10餘年來,甕安生物群中動物胚胎化石的研究取得多項突破性進展,已確認至少5種不同卵裂方式的動物胚胎化石,胚胎化石分類從單純的形態學分類嚮生物學分類轉變.為揭示甕安生物群中動物多樣性提供瞭更多線索.同時,相關研究更新瞭繁盛于埃迪卡拉紀大型帶刺疑源類生物屬性的傳統認識,併將之與有錶麵裝飾的動物休眠卵(滯育胚胎)化石相聯繫.同步輻射X射線顯微CT技術的應用成功解決瞭胚胎化石三維無損成像難題,為古胚胎學的髮展帶來瞭新的機遇.
옹안생물군지산출우귀주옹안린광지구신원고대애적잡랍기두산타조(635～551Ma)상린광단적일개특수린산염화미체화석조합,주요유다세포조류、대형대자의원류화처우불동발육계단적다충후생동물배태조성,병포괄소량가능적후생동물유충화성체화석.옹안생물군작위흘금위지세계상최고로적전한무기후생동물화석군,위탐색후생동물적기원화조기연화역정제공료독일무이적실증기록.10여년래,옹안생물군중동물배태화석적연구취득다항돌파성진전,이학인지소5충불동란렬방식적동물배태화석,배태화석분류종단순적형태학분류향생물학분류전변.위게시옹안생물군중동물다양성제공료경다선색.동시,상관연구경신료번성우애적잡랍기대형대자의원류생물속성적전통인식,병장지여유표면장식적동물휴면란(체육배태)화석상련계.동보복사X사선현미CT기술적응용성공해결료배태화석삼유무손성상난제,위고배태학적발전대래료신적궤우.
The Ediacaran Weng'an biota from the phosphorite of the upper Doushantuo Formation (635～551Ma) at Weng'an, Guizhou Province (South China) consists of cyanobacteria, acritarchs, muhicellular algae, and abundant metazoan eggs and embryos, together with few animal larvae and adults. These putative phosphatized animal embryo fossils with cellular structures preserved in three-dimensional structures have shed unprecedented paleontological light on the origin and early evolution of metazoans. Present paper reviews significant progresses of researches on the embryo fossils of the Weng'an Biota during the past decade. Up to date, there are five types of embryos with different cleavage patterns that have been identified through various advanced techniques, especially the application of nondestructive 3D imaging by synchrotron radiation X-ray phase contrast microtomography (SRX-PC-μCT). As a most challenging field in the frontier of paleontology, more significant discoveries and information about these early embryo fossils are expected through the investigations on new materials and applications of new techniques such as SRX-PC-μCT. Recent hypothesis that the large acanthomorphic acritarchs thieved during the same time of the Weng'an Biota are the diapanse embryos is an example.
