CAJ | 학술논문

为揭示紫胶林-农田复合生态系统地表甲虫多样性,于2006-2007年在云南省绿春县牛孔乡采用陷阱法调查了天然紫胶林、人工紫胶林和旱地的地表甲虫群落.共采集标本1 678头,分别隶属于24科120种,其中步甲科(Carabidae)和金龟科(Scarabaeidae)种类最丰富,均占全部种类的12.50%.拟步甲科(Tenebrionidae)个体数量最丰富,占个体总数的64.48%;金龟科次之,占个体总数的17.58%.大多数科的物种数和个体数在不同土地利用生境中的分布没有显著差异,而步甲科、隐翅甲科(Staphylinidae)、叩甲科(Elateridae)、拟步甲科、瓢虫科(Coccinellidae)和小蠹科(Scolytidae)在不同土地利用生境中的分布有显著差异.天然紫胶林地表甲虫个体数量最少,物种较丰富,优势度最低,多样性最高;人工紫胶林个体数和物种数均丰富,优势度和多样性居中;旱地个体数量最多,物种最贫乏,优势度最高,多样性最低.种级水平的聚类分析体现出人工紫胶林与旱地之间在种类组成上距离较近;而科级水平的聚类反映出人工紫胶林和天然紫胶林更接近.结果提示,紫胶林-农田复合生态系统具有区域内土地利用方式多样化的特点;天然紫胶林在维持地表甲虫多样性水平上具有重要作用,而人工紫胶林虽具有积极作用,但仍需进一步恢复.
위게시자효림-농전복합생태계통지표갑충다양성,우2006-2007년재운남성록춘현우공향채용함정법조사료천연자효림、인공자효림화한지적지표갑충군락.공채집표본1 678두,분별대속우24과120충,기중보갑과(Carabidae)화금구과(Scarabaeidae)충류최봉부,균점전부충류적12.50%.의보갑과(Tenebrionidae)개체수량최봉부,점개체총수적64.48%;금구과차지,점개체총수적17.58%.대다수과적물충수화개체수재불동토지이용생경중적분포몰유현저차이,이보갑과、은시갑과(Staphylinidae)、고갑과(Elateridae)、의보갑과、표충과(Coccinellidae)화소두과(Scolytidae)재불동토지이용생경중적분포유현저차이.천연자효임지표갑충개체수량최소,물충교봉부,우세도최저,다양성최고;인공자효림개체수화물충수균봉부,우세도화다양성거중;한지개체수량최다,물충최빈핍,우세도최고,다양성최저.충급수평적취류분석체현출인공자효림여한지지간재충류조성상거리교근;이과급수평적취류반영출인공자효림화천연자효림경접근.결과제시,자효림-농전복합생태계통구유구역내토지이용방식다양화적특점;천연자효림재유지지표갑충다양성수평상구유중요작용,이인공자효림수구유적겁작용,단잉수진일보회복.
In order to get the basic information about ground-dwelling beetle and give some suggestions for the local biodiversity conservation, we investigated the ground-dwelling beetle assemblages by pitfall trapping in natural forest, plantation forest, and dry land in lac-plantation-farmland ecosystem in Luchun County, Yunnan Province, South-western China, during 2006-2007. In total, 1 678 specimens were collected, representing 120 species in 24 families of Coleoptera. Among these beetles, Carabidae and Scarabaeidae had the highest species richness, both comprising 12. 50% of the total species observed. Tenebrionidae species had the highest abundance, comprising 64.48% of all ground-dwelling beetles; and the Scarabaeidae ranked the second in abundance, comprising 17.58%. Most families did not differ in both abundance and species richness across the three habitats sampled, while Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Elateridae, Tenebrionidae, Coccinellidae and Scolytidae differed in abundance or species richness. Among the plots, natural forest had the lowest abundance and dominance, richer species, and highest diversity; plantation forest had richer species and abundance, and moderate dominance and diversity; while dry land had the highest abundance and dominance, and the lowest species richness and diversity. Hierarchical clustering of ground-dwelling beetle assemblages at the species level showed that plantation forest was nearly to dry land in species composition. While at the family level, plantation forest was close to natural forest. These results suggest that the land-use in lac-plantation-farmland ecosystem is different and diverse; the natural forest plays the most important role in maintaining the beetle diversity, while the plantation forest plays the second important role, which needs further restoration.