CAJ | 학술논문

介绍并探讨了人类运用天文学、深空探测及计算机模拟与统计等多种方法和手段在太阳系内的地外天体及太阳系外的类地行星上寻找地外生命的进展,如:美国航空航天局及欧空局的一系列探测器都发现火星土壤略呈碱性可能适宜生命的存在,火星大气正在不断释放可能由火星地质或生物作用产生的甲烷;表面为巨厚的水冰覆盖的木卫二如果内部炽热,则极有可能存在生命;而土卫六则非常类似现代生命起源理论中生命起源时的原始地球.对彗星的撞击探测结果表明,其内部存在着有机物和黏土矿物,可能给早期原始地球带来了有机物甚至生命;对太阳系外的射电天文观测则发现了仅银河系中就有无数的类地行星.不仅如此,"寻找地外智慧生命"计划还试图通过倾听地外智慧生命的通讯信号和主动发射地球人类的通讯信号以和地外智慧生命取得联系.美国航空航天局发射了带有地球位置及生命信息的太阳系外探测器,也做出了类似的努力.从取得的探测结果和重要发现来看,地外可能存在着适宜生命产生及演化的条件,这使我们看到了寻找地外生命的新曙光.但囿于对地外生命形式认识的缺乏和深空探测技术的限制,目前想要找到它们还是个极其艰巨的任务.
개소병탐토료인류운용천문학、심공탐측급계산궤모의여통계등다충방법화수단재태양계내적지외천체급태양계외적류지행성상심조지외생명적진전,여:미국항공항천국급구공국적일계렬탐측기도발현화성토양략정감성가능괄의생명적존재,화성대기정재불단석방가능유화성지질혹생물작용산생적갑완;표면위거후적수빙복개적목위이여과내부치열,칙겁유가능존재생명;이토위륙칙비상유사현대생명기원이론중생명기원시적원시지구.대혜성적당격탐측결과표명,기내부존재착유궤물화점토광물,가능급조기원시지구대래료유궤물심지생명;대태양계외적사전천문관측칙발현료부은하계중취유무수적류지행성.불부여차,"심조지외지혜생명"계화환시도통과경은지외지혜생명적통신신호화주동발사지구인류적통신신호이화지외지혜생명취득련계.미국항공항천국발사료대유지구위치급생명신식적태양계외탐측기,야주출료유사적노력.종취득적탐측결과화중요발현래간,지외가능존재착괄의생명산생급연화적조건,저사아문간도료심조지외생명적신서광.단유우대지외생명형식인식적결핍화심공탐측기술적한제,목전상요조도타문환시개겁기간거적임무.
Astrobiology is the study of origin, evolution, distribution and future of life in the universe, with searching for extraterrestrial life as one of its most important content. Searching for extraterrestrial life, the most spectacular area in the international space exploration, may support another breakthrough point for solving origin, evolution and future of life on the Earth, including human beings. Accordingly, this paper integrates and discusses the methods of astronomy, space exploration and numerical simulations used in searching extraterrestrial life on terrestrial planets in and beyond the solar system and important discoveries; the discovery by the spacecrafts to Mars launched by NASA and ESA that the Mars soil shows a little alkaline and habitat for life, that the Europa (Jupiter's moon) could serve as a abode for life if it has a hot inner; and that the atmosphere of Titan (Saturn's moon) was similar to the primitive Earth's which leads to the hypothesis of bridge the step from chemical to biological evolution. The deep impact mission of Comet suggested it might ever feed organic materials and even organisms to the Earth. The radio astronomy shows thousands of terrestrial planets are distributed in our Galaxy. Probably, the suitable condition for life's occurrence and evolution exists beyond the Earth according the current exploration results and important discoveries. This lightens the prospect of searching extraterrestrial life. However, the limited understanding of life forms and exploration technology will make it very hard to find them out.