CAJ | 학술논문

为研究复合法制备超疏水表面过程中主要工艺参数对表面形貌及超疏水性能的影响,开发了一种喷砂-阳极氧化复合方法,在铝合金表面构筑了微米-纳米二级结构,经氟化处理后获得了超疏水特性.结果表明,喷砂处理在铝合金表面通过冲蚀的凹坑构筑出微米结构,阳极氧化则在铝合金表面通过蜂窝状氧化膜构筑纳米结构.但单纯构筑粗糙结构或单纯改变表面化学组成均不能在铝合金表面获得超疏水特性.单纯的微米结构或纳米结构,即使有低表面能聚合物修饰也不能获得超疏水特性.只有微米-纳米二级结构和低表面能聚合物的协同作用,才能有效构筑铝合金超疏水表面.这种铝合金与水滴接触时,形成的气阱可减小固体表面与水滴的接触面积,降低表面与水滴间的热量交换,从而减缓水分子的凝结,提高铝合金的抗霜冻性.同时,气阱还可有效减缓海水的腐蚀,提高铝合金的耐海水腐蚀性.
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In order to study the influence of main processing parameters of composite method on the surface morphology and superhydrophobicity, sandblasting and anodizing were combined to obtain micro-nano structure on the surface of aluminum alloy. After the treatment of fluorination, the surface showed excellent superhydrophobicity. The results demonstrate that the structure at micron level is fabricated by sandblasting while the structure at nanometer level is prepared by anodizing. However, superhydrophobic surface cannot be achieved just by a rough surface structure or the decoration of polymer with low surface energy, or the combination of the decoration and single microstructure or nanostructre. The combination of the decoration and micro-nano structure is the key to attain superhydrophobicity on aluminum alloy. Gas-trap is intercepted during the contact of the surface with water droplets, which effectively reduces contact area and heat exchange between the surface and water droplets. Condensation of water molecules and corrosion of sea water are therefore slow down, which explains the improvement of frost resistance and corrosion resistance to sea water of the superhydrophobic surface on aluminum alloy.