CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析2006-2008年全国伤害监测中毒病例分布特征.方法针对中毒病例一般信息、中毒事件特征等进行统计分析.结果 2006-2008年全国伤害监测中毒病例分别占总伤害病例的2.57%、2.48%和2.52%,在所有伤害原因中居第六位;初中文化程度病例最多,病例职业分布以农牧渔水利业生产人员和商业服务业人员为主;中毒事件发生地点以家中最多,中毒发生时的活动以休闲活动为主,发生时点以20:00病例数最多;中毒类型最多的是酒精中毒,其次为药物中毒、农药中毒和一氧化碳中毒;伤害意图以非故意伤害为主,自残/自杀病例构成农村高于城市,女性高于男性,主要中毒类型是药物中毒和农药中毒,≥65岁、15～29岁和30～44岁年龄组自残/自杀病例的比例排在前三位.结论酒精中毒是中毒伤害的首要类型,在青壮年(15～29岁和30～44岁)中比例最高;自残/自杀与药物和农药中毒关系紧密,安全贮存农药,普及农药使用安全,加强药品生产和市场营销的监管力度,是预防农药与药物中毒的关键;儿童和老年人是一氧化碳中毒的高危人群.
목적 분석2006-2008년전국상해감측중독병례분포특정.방법 침대중독병례일반신식、중독사건특정등진행통계분석.결과 2006-2008년전국상해감측중독병례분별점총상해병례적2.57%、2.48%화2.52%,재소유상해원인중거제육위;초중문화정도병례최다,병례직업분포이농목어수리업생산인원화상업복무업인원위주;중독사건발생지점이가중최다,중독발생시적활동이휴한활동위주,발생시점이20:00병례수최다;중독류형최다적시주정중독,기차위약물중독、농약중독화일양화탄중독;상해의도이비고의상해위주,자잔/자살병례구성농촌고우성시,녀성고우남성,주요중독류형시약물중독화농약중독,≥65세、15～29세화30～44세년령조자잔/자살병례적비례배재전삼위.결론 주정중독시중독상해적수요류형,재청장년(15～29세화30～44세)중비례최고;자잔/자살여약물화농약중독관계긴밀,안전저존농약,보급농약사용안전,가강약품생산화시장영소적감관력도,시예방농약여약물중독적관건;인동화노년인시일양화탄중독적고위인군.
Objective To study the preventive strategies through analyzing the poisoning cases from the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), from 2006 to 2008. Methods Data of poisoning cases was descriptively analyzed from Chinese NISS, from 2006 to 2008. Results The proportion of poisoning cases to all injuries cases from NISS were 2.57%, 2.48% and 2.52% from 2006 to 2008, which ranked sixth in all the injuries causes. Most people being poisoned had junior middle school education and most of them were agriculture/animal husbandry/fishery/water producers or commercial/service personnel. Most of the poisoning incidents were happened at home, always occurred in leisure time - around 8 PM, every day. The common types of poisoning were alcohol,clinical drugs, pesticide and carbon monoxide. Unintentional injuries were the main causes. Self-harm/suicidal cases in the rural areas were more than in the urban areas, with women more than men. The main type of self-harm/suicide related poisoning cases were through drugs or pesticide. ≥65, 15-29and 30-44 year-olds were most commonly seen. Conclusion Alcoholism was the primary type of poisoning injuries which is the highest in young adults ( 15-29 years and 30-44 years). It's important to promote civilized drinking habits and limit access to alcohol for youth. Self-harm/suicide had close relationship with clinical drugs and pesticide. The key points to prevent pesticide and clinical drugs poisoning were safe storage of pesticides, universal security of pesticide, and the supervision on drug producing and marketing. Children and the elderly were the high risk people for carbon monoxide poisoning. Monitoring and intervention must be strengthened.