CAJ | 학술논문

由于冰雪的存在及缺乏地面观测站点资料,高寒地区的水文模拟研究一直面临很大的困难.遥感数据能够提供大范围时空尺度上的地面信息对无资料地区有很大帮助.MODIS数据具有较高的时空分辨率深受人们关注.本文以长江上游泥曲流域为例,探求将MODIS遥感数据与地面气温数据相结合对新安江模型径流模拟的帮助,方法步骤如下:(1)建立MODIS雪覆盖面积与流域周围站气温关系,获取气温阈值;(2)依据气温阈值判别降水形式并计算融雪水当量;(3)将雨雪分离后的降水信息输入新安江模型模拟径流,并与新安江模拟结果(未考虑雨雪分离)和实测径流进行比较.研究结果显示改进方案(考虑雨雪分离)模拟效果更好,将有助于提高新安江模型在高寒无资料地区的径流模拟精度,为高寒无资料地区水资源管理及生态需水研究提供帮助.
유우빙설적존재급결핍지면관측참점자료,고한지구적수문모의연구일직면림흔대적곤난.요감수거능구제공대범위시공척도상적지면신식대무자료지구유흔대방조.MODIS수거구유교고적시공분변솔심수인문관주.본문이장강상유니곡류역위례,탐구장MODIS요감수거여지면기온수거상결합대신안강모형경류모의적방조,방법보취여하:(1)건립MODIS설복개면적여류역주위참기온관계,획취기온역치;(2)의거기온역치판별강수형식병계산융설수당량;(3)장우설분리후적강수신식수입신안강모형모의경류,병여신안강모의결과(미고필우설분리)화실측경류진행비교.연구결과현시개진방안(고필우설분리)모의효과경호,장유조우제고신안강모형재고한무자료지구적경류모의정도,위고한무자료지구수자원관리급생태수수연구제공방조.
It is very difficult to simulate hydrological processes in alpine basin because of the impact of ice-snow and limited availability of ground observation stations.Satellite imagery is an attractive alternative to supplement ground based data in ungauged basin.The Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite sensors are particularly attractive due to their high temporal and spatial resolution.The objective of this study is to integrate temperature data with meteorological stations and SCA (Snow Covered Area) estimated from MODIS into Xinanjiang Model and test if MODIS data could be helpful for runoff modeling in an ungauged alpine basin.The analysis was performed for Niqu Basin in the upper reach of Yangtze River.The study was carried out as follows.Firstly,a critical temperature was acquired according to SCA from MODIS data for judging the periods with snow accumulation,snow melting and no snow.Then the precipitation form was identified and snowmelt water equivalent was computed accordingly.Finally the classified precipitation was as input to the Xinanjiang Model for simulating runoff series.The simulated runoff data by Xinanjiang Model with such a modified input were compared with pure precipitation input.The result indicated that model performance with the modification scheme of precipitation was better than that with original input of precipitation.The result suggests the potential for developing modification scheme and the possibility of improving the accuracy of the prediction of hydrological processes for water resources management and ecological water demand in ungauged alpine basin by Xinanjiang Model.