CAJ | 학술논문

目前广泛使用的腮腺炎减毒活疫苗株有Jeryl Lynn株、Leningrad-3株以及它们的衍生株.疫苗的免疫效果为80%-100%,差异较其他同类疫苗大,可能的原因首先是这些病毒株是几个亚株形成的混合物.在某些疫苗生产用细胞上连续传代,亚株的比例会出现变化;但最近发现,人类HLA和免疫调节相关细胞因子及其受体基因多样性对腮腺炎疫苗接种效果有重要影响;有可能是以上两者结合导致了现阶段腮腺炎免疫效果的较大差异,而后者也许是更主要的原因.2004年以来,英国、美国和西班牙均发生了疫苗接种人群中的腮腺炎流行,疫苗的保护效果随时间而减弱是其主要原因.目前仍应遵照WHO的建议,提供及时的追加免疫机会以维持人群的免疫水平.
목전엄범사용적시선염감독활역묘주유Jeryl Lynn주、Leningrad-3주이급타문적연생주.역묘적면역효과위80%-100%,차이교기타동류역묘대,가능적원인수선시저사병독주시궤개아주형성적혼합물.재모사역묘생산용세포상련속전대,아주적비례회출현변화;단최근발현,인류HLA화면역조절상관세포인자급기수체기인다양성대시선염역묘접충효과유중요영향;유가능시이상량자결합도치료현계단시선염면역효과적교대차이,이후자야허시경주요적원인.2004년이래,영국、미국화서반아균발생료역묘접충인군중적시선염류행,역묘적보호효과수시간이감약시기주요원인.목전잉응준조WHO적건의,제공급시적추가면역궤회이유지인군적면역수평.
At present, Jeryl Lynn strain, Leningrad-3 strain and their derivatives have been widely used in live attenuated mumps virus vaccines. The reported immune efficacy of mumps vaccines is 80% ~ 100%. The diversity is greater than those of any other live attenuated virus vaccines, mostly because the above strains have been found to contain several different sub-strains. The proportion of the sub-strains may change when they are successively passaged in vitro, especially on cell substrates used for vaccine production. More recently, human leukocyte antigen and cytokine receptor gene polymorphisms are found to be associated with heterogeneous immune responses on mumps vaccines. Since 2004, mumps outbreaks have occurred in vaccinated populations in the United Kingdom, the United States and Spain. A waning of vaccine protection after implementation of a childhood immunization program has been identified as the main reason. The advice by WHO on strategies for achieving mumps elimination, including a catch-up vaccination in susceptible cohorts, still needs to be followed for keeping an immune level in healthy populations.