中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2012年
1期
28-32
,共5页
潘建平%王飞%张华%张松杰%杨子尼%王维清%曹春红%罗莎莎%李敏%杨小梅%申鸿%牛倩
潘建平%王飛%張華%張鬆傑%楊子尼%王維清%曹春紅%囉莎莎%李敏%楊小梅%申鴻%牛倩
반건평%왕비%장화%장송걸%양자니%왕유청%조춘홍%라사사%리민%양소매%신홍%우천
中国%城市%儿童忽视%儿童伤害%横断面研究
中國%城市%兒童忽視%兒童傷害%橫斷麵研究
중국%성시%인동홀시%인동상해%횡단면연구
China%Cities%Child neglect%Child maltreatment%Cross-sectional studies
目的 了解我国城市3 ～17岁儿童青少年的忽视状况.方法 依据多阶段分层整群抽样原则,于2008年12月从全国14个省级单位的30个市中抽取8001名3～17岁儿童青少年进行调查,分别采用“中国城市3～6岁儿童忽视评价常模”、“中国城市6～17岁中、小学生忽视评价常模”中规定的量表和评价方法进行调查.采用SPSS 13.0软件分析不同地区、年龄、性别、忽视层面(身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗、社会)的忽视率、忽视度等.结果 中国城市3～6岁(其中6岁儿童为未入学者)、6～8岁(其中6岁儿童为已入学者)、9～11岁、12 ～14岁和15 ～ 17岁组儿童青少年忽视度分别为42.2±6.9、42.8 ±8.4、42.1±9.1、46.4±9.2和49.7±8.4(P＜0.05),忽视率分别为28.0％(326/1163)、28.8％(431/1496)、27.2％(543/1962)、22.4％(373/1664)和32.8％ (563/1716)(P＜0.05).各年龄组各忽视层面忽视程度不同,12 ～ 14岁组及15 ～ 17岁组受到的忽视度、忽视率较高[依次为46.4 ±9.2、49.1 ±8.4、22.4％( 373/1664)、32.8％(563/1716)].6个忽视层面均以15 ～ 17岁组受到的忽视度最高(身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗、社会层面分别为52.8±8.0、47.3±11.6、49.5±10.8、42.4±10.3、52.2±16.0、56.0±10.1).西部地区儿童青少年忽视率和忽视度最高,中部次之,东部最低[忽视度依次为45.4 ±9.1、45.0±9.3、44.0 ±8.8(P ＜0.05)；忽视率分别为30.7％(1340/4361)、25.0％(756/3024)、21.2％ (131/616) (P ＜0.05)].独生子女忽视度、忽视率低于非独生子女[忽视度分别为44.2 ±9.0、47.4 ±9.1,P＜0.01；忽视率分别为26.1％ (1572/6017)、33.0％(655/1984),P＜0.01].城市6岁入学儿童忽视度(43.1±7.3)高于未入学儿童(40.7±7.8)(P＜0.01),忽视率[35.4％(60/169)]低于未入学儿童[21.3％ (84/394)](P＜0.01).结论 中国城市儿童青少年受到忽视的频度和强度均较严重,应当加以重视.
目的 瞭解我國城市3 ～17歲兒童青少年的忽視狀況.方法 依據多階段分層整群抽樣原則,于2008年12月從全國14箇省級單位的30箇市中抽取8001名3～17歲兒童青少年進行調查,分彆採用“中國城市3～6歲兒童忽視評價常模”、“中國城市6～17歲中、小學生忽視評價常模”中規定的量錶和評價方法進行調查.採用SPSS 13.0軟件分析不同地區、年齡、性彆、忽視層麵(身體、情感、教育、安全、醫療、社會)的忽視率、忽視度等.結果 中國城市3～6歲(其中6歲兒童為未入學者)、6～8歲(其中6歲兒童為已入學者)、9～11歲、12 ～14歲和15 ～ 17歲組兒童青少年忽視度分彆為42.2±6.9、42.8 ±8.4、42.1±9.1、46.4±9.2和49.7±8.4(P＜0.05),忽視率分彆為28.0％(326/1163)、28.8％(431/1496)、27.2％(543/1962)、22.4％(373/1664)和32.8％ (563/1716)(P＜0.05).各年齡組各忽視層麵忽視程度不同,12 ～ 14歲組及15 ～ 17歲組受到的忽視度、忽視率較高[依次為46.4 ±9.2、49.1 ±8.4、22.4％( 373/1664)、32.8％(563/1716)].6箇忽視層麵均以15 ～ 17歲組受到的忽視度最高(身體、情感、教育、安全、醫療、社會層麵分彆為52.8±8.0、47.3±11.6、49.5±10.8、42.4±10.3、52.2±16.0、56.0±10.1).西部地區兒童青少年忽視率和忽視度最高,中部次之,東部最低[忽視度依次為45.4 ±9.1、45.0±9.3、44.0 ±8.8(P ＜0.05)；忽視率分彆為30.7％(1340/4361)、25.0％(756/3024)、21.2％ (131/616) (P ＜0.05)].獨生子女忽視度、忽視率低于非獨生子女[忽視度分彆為44.2 ±9.0、47.4 ±9.1,P＜0.01；忽視率分彆為26.1％ (1572/6017)、33.0％(655/1984),P＜0.01].城市6歲入學兒童忽視度(43.1±7.3)高于未入學兒童(40.7±7.8)(P＜0.01),忽視率[35.4％(60/169)]低于未入學兒童[21.3％ (84/394)](P＜0.01).結論 中國城市兒童青少年受到忽視的頻度和彊度均較嚴重,應噹加以重視.
목적 료해아국성시3 ～17세인동청소년적홀시상황.방법 의거다계단분층정군추양원칙,우2008년12월종전국14개성급단위적30개시중추취8001명3～17세인동청소년진행조사,분별채용“중국성시3～6세인동홀시평개상모”、“중국성시6～17세중、소학생홀시평개상모”중규정적량표화평개방법진행조사.채용SPSS 13.0연건분석불동지구、년령、성별、홀시층면(신체、정감、교육、안전、의료、사회)적홀시솔、홀시도등.결과 중국성시3～6세(기중6세인동위미입학자)、6～8세(기중6세인동위이입학자)、9～11세、12 ～14세화15 ～ 17세조인동청소년홀시도분별위42.2±6.9、42.8 ±8.4、42.1±9.1、46.4±9.2화49.7±8.4(P＜0.05),홀시솔분별위28.0％(326/1163)、28.8％(431/1496)、27.2％(543/1962)、22.4％(373/1664)화32.8％ (563/1716)(P＜0.05).각년령조각홀시층면홀시정도불동,12 ～ 14세조급15 ～ 17세조수도적홀시도、홀시솔교고[의차위46.4 ±9.2、49.1 ±8.4、22.4％( 373/1664)、32.8％(563/1716)].6개홀시층면균이15 ～ 17세조수도적홀시도최고(신체、정감、교육、안전、의료、사회층면분별위52.8±8.0、47.3±11.6、49.5±10.8、42.4±10.3、52.2±16.0、56.0±10.1).서부지구인동청소년홀시솔화홀시도최고,중부차지,동부최저[홀시도의차위45.4 ±9.1、45.0±9.3、44.0 ±8.8(P ＜0.05)；홀시솔분별위30.7％(1340/4361)、25.0％(756/3024)、21.2％ (131/616) (P ＜0.05)].독생자녀홀시도、홀시솔저우비독생자녀[홀시도분별위44.2 ±9.0、47.4 ±9.1,P＜0.01；홀시솔분별위26.1％ (1572/6017)、33.0％(655/1984),P＜0.01].성시6세입학인동홀시도(43.1±7.3)고우미입학인동(40.7±7.8)(P＜0.01),홀시솔[35.4％(60/169)]저우미입학인동[21.3％ (84/394)](P＜0.01).결론 중국성시인동청소년수도홀시적빈도화강도균교엄중,응당가이중시.
Objective To explore the status of child neglect among urban areas children and adolescents aged 3 - 17 years in China.Methods Using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method,8001 children and adolescents were recruited from 30 cities of 14 provinces in December 2008.The investigation was carried based on The 3 - 6 years old children Neglect Norms of city in China and The 6 -17 years old children Neglect Norms of city in China.SPSS 13.0 was employed for analyzing neglect rate and degree for group of areas,age,sex and neglect type ( including neglect of physical,emotional,educational,medical,safety and social).Results The degrees of child neglect for urban children aged 3 -6 (children aged 6 were not in school),6- 8 (children aged 6 were school children),9 -11,12 -14 and 15 -17 were 42.2 ± 6.9,42.8 ± 8.4,42.1 ± 9.1,46.4 ± 9.2 and 49.7 ± 8.4 ( P ＜ 0.05 ),the neglect rates were 28.0％(326/1163 ),28.8％ (431/1496 ),27.2％ ( 543/1962 ),22.4％ ( 373/1664 ) and 32.8％ ( 563/1716 ) ( P ＜0.05 ),respectively.There were differences in six neglect types for each group ; the neglect degrees and rates were high in the group aged 12 - 14 and 15 - 17(46.4 ±9.2 and 49.1 ±8.4,22.4％ (373/1664) and 32.8 ％ ( 563/1716 ),respectively) ; for each neglect type,the neglect degree of children aged 15 - 17 were highest(52.8 ±8.0,47.3 ± 11.6,49.5 ± 10.8,42.4 ± 10.3,52.2 ± 16.0,56.0 ± 10.1 ).The degree and rate of neglect in West were highest,Middle was next,the East was lowest (the neglect degrees were 45.4 ±9.1,45.0 ± 9.3 and 44.0 ± 8.8,P ＜ 0.05 ; the rates were 30.7％ ( 1340/4361 ),25.0％ ( 756/3024 ) and 21.2％ (131/616),P ＜ 0.05).Degree and rate of child neglect for children without siblings were lower than children with siblings(the neglect degrees were 44.2 ±9.0 and 47.6 ±9.1,P ＜0.01 ;the rates were 26.1％(1572/6017) and 33.0％ (655/1984),P＜ 0.01 ).Neglect degree of school children aged 6 years old (43.1 ± 7.3 ) was higher than children not in school (40.7 ± 7.8 ) (P ＜ 0.01 ),but neglect rate was lower (the rates were 35.4％ (60/169)and 21.3 ％ (84/394),P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Neglect degree and rate of urban children and adolescents aged 3 - 17 years in China were both high,and neglect deserved more attentions.
