CAJ | 학술논문

从观赏花卉蜘蛛兰(Hymenocallis littoralis)上发现一种叶部病害,通过组织分离、纯化获得2种真菌,按照柯赫氏证病律方法确定其均为该病害的病原菌.根据2种真菌的菌落、分生孢子盘和分生孢子等的形态特征鉴定,它们分别为刺盘孢(Colletotrichum sp.)和拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis sp.).病菌主要侵染植株的叶片,接种试验表明它们可以单独侵染,也可以复合侵染,引起相似的症状,但2种病菌混合接种后发病更快更重.室内接种叶片和田间自然发病叶片上的症状相同,初为水渍状灰褐色的小点,扩展后形成典型的圆形或椭圆形病斑,中央灰色至灰褐色,边缘紫褐色至红色,周围有明显的黄色晕圈带,后期病斑互相连接,导致叶片大面积或全部成灼烧状枯死并萎垂.该文描述了2种病原菌的菌落、分生孢子盘和分生孢子等主要结构的形态特征,但它们的种名还需要进一步研究确定.
종관상화훼지주란(Hymenocallis littoralis)상발현일충협부병해,통과조직분리、순화획득2충진균,안조가혁씨증병률방법학정기균위해병해적병원균.근거2충진균적균락、분생포자반화분생포자등적형태특정감정,타문분별위자반포(Colletotrichum sp.)화의반다모포(Pestalotiopsis sp.).병균주요침염식주적협편,접충시험표명타문가이단독침염,야가이복합침염,인기상사적증상,단2충병균혼합접충후발병경쾌경중.실내접충협편화전간자연발병협편상적증상상동,초위수지상회갈색적소점,확전후형성전형적원형혹타원형병반,중앙회색지회갈색,변연자갈색지홍색,주위유명현적황색훈권대,후기병반호상련접,도치협편대면적혹전부성작소상고사병위수.해문묘술료2충병원균적균락、분생포자반화분생포자등주요결구적형태특정,단타문적충명환수요진일보연구학정.
A new disease was found on spider lily (Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. ) plants and it was diagnosed as a brown leaf blotch caused by the infections of Colletotrichum sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp. The typical symptoms of the disease were characterized the initial small circular purple spots on leaves, which developed to oval spots and may join together to form large irregular spots. The spots are brown at the center, deep purple at the border and surrounded by a yellow halo of newly-infected tissue. Isolation and inocu]ation showed that two fungal species were the pathogens causing the disease: Colletotrichum sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp. They induced blotch symptoms on leaves after separate and combined inoculations. The disease was widely distributed in Chongqing and other provinces of Southwest China and significant damages were frequently observed in some gardens or spider lily plantations. The disease symptoms and the morphology of pathogens are described and further works on epidemiology and control of the disease are discussed in the paper.