CAJ | 학술논문

对广东大宝山4个尾矿库环境特点和植物群落进行了调查和分析.结果表明,广东大宝山尾矿库区内植物种类总体上较为稀少,不同尾矿库区内植物群落组成差异比较大,其中禾本科植物种类较多,其次为菊科植物和豆科植物,表明这3个科的植物较其他科植物更容易适应尾矿库环境,特别是禾本科的五节芒(Miscanthus floridulus)、类芦(Neyraudia reynaudiana)和狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)表现出较强的适应能力.从样地1到样地4,物种多样性指数也依次增加,表现出由较少先锋物种种类组成的简单群落向稳定复杂群落方向演替的趋势,反映了植物群落结构随演替时间的延长越来越趋向复杂化.研究还表明物种多样性与有机质、有效磷、碱解氮含量显著正相关,与重金属含量(Cd、Cu和zn)显著负相关,尾矿库区的高浓度Cd、Cu和Zn是影响植物群落物种多样性进一步恢复的主要限制因子.
대엄동대보산4개미광고배경특점화식물군락진행료조사화분석.결과표명,엄동대보산미광고구내식물충류총체상교위희소,불동미광고구내식물군락조성차이비교대,기중화본과식물충류교다,기차위국과식물화두과식물,표명저3개과적식물교기타과식물경용역괄응미광고배경,특별시화본과적오절망(Miscanthus floridulus)、류호(Neyraudia reynaudiana)화구아근(Cynodon dactylon)표현출교강적괄응능력.종양지1도양지4,물충다양성지수야의차증가,표현출유교소선봉물충충류조성적간단군락향은정복잡군락방향연체적추세,반영료식물군락결구수연체시간적연장월래월추향복잡화.연구환표명물충다양성여유궤질、유효린、감해담함량현저정상관,여중금속함량(Cd、Cu화zn)현저부상관,미광고구적고농도Cd、Cu화Zn시영향식물군락물충다양성진일보회복적주요한제인자.
The environmental characters and vegetation of four mine tailing wastelands of Dabaoshan Mine, Northern Guangdong, were inves-tigated. According to the data derived from this on-the-spot investigation into the wastelands, the important value of the plant species, the in-dex of diversity of the plant species as well as the evenness of the plant species were calculated. The findings showed that plant species of all tailing wastelands were fewer, very not abundant, and the composition between the plant communities of different tailing wasteland was rela-tively different. Among which Gramineae family was the most dominant while Asteraceae and Cyperaceae families were second dominant, es-pecially the species like Miscanthus floridulus, Neyraudia reynaudiana and Cynodon dactylon of Gramineae were flourishing and more adapt-able to the habitat of those tailing wastelands. The analysis of the findings indicated that the plant community structures of the four tailing wastelands were obviously different in succession sequence, and single species dominances were lessening from No.1 to No.4 and species di-versity indexes increasing from No.1 to No.4. This phenomenon demonstrated that the succession trends were from simple communities to complex and stable communities, and plant community structures became more complex with the vegetation succession going on. Species di-versity index was significantly correlated with soil organic matter, N and P content, while negatively correlated with soil Cd, Cu and Zn con-tent. Toxicity of available Cd, Cu and Zn in the tailing wasteland ecosystems was the major restriction of the vegetation restoration of tailing wastelands.