光谱学与光谱分析
光譜學與光譜分析
광보학여광보분석
SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
2010年
3期
738-742
,共5页
方四安%黄小仙%尹达一%徐冲%冯鑫%冯旗
方四安%黃小仙%尹達一%徐遲%馮鑫%馮旂
방사안%황소선%윤체일%서충%풍흠%풍기
海洋溢油%反射率%紫外光谱%模拟目标
海洋溢油%反射率%紫外光譜%模擬目標
해양일유%반사솔%자외광보%모의목표
Marine oil spill%Reflectivity%Ultraviolet spectrum%Simulative targets
海洋溢油是一种破坏性极大的海洋污染物,对它的监测一直是海洋遥感的重要内容之一,通过反射率强弱来区分溢油区域和未污染海而即为常用的方法.文章针对海洋溢油的紫外反射特性展开研究,并建立了相应的光谱测量实验系统,选择合适的实验条件和环境后对海洋溢油的4种模拟目标(汽油、煤油、柴油、润滑油)的紫外波段反射光谱进行了测试.通过对实验数据的处理和分析,得到这4种模拟目标在紫外波段的反射特性,并和同样实验环境下测得的水反射特性进行了对比.实验结果表明,油膜在紫外波段的反射率和水存在较为明显的差异,差异值主要由油种和油膜厚度所决定.该实验方法同样适用于真实溢油目标,这为今后利用紫外波段对海洋溢油进行遥感监测积累了一定的理论和实验基础.
海洋溢油是一種破壞性極大的海洋汙染物,對它的鑑測一直是海洋遙感的重要內容之一,通過反射率彊弱來區分溢油區域和未汙染海而即為常用的方法.文章針對海洋溢油的紫外反射特性展開研究,併建立瞭相應的光譜測量實驗繫統,選擇閤適的實驗條件和環境後對海洋溢油的4種模擬目標(汽油、煤油、柴油、潤滑油)的紫外波段反射光譜進行瞭測試.通過對實驗數據的處理和分析,得到這4種模擬目標在紫外波段的反射特性,併和同樣實驗環境下測得的水反射特性進行瞭對比.實驗結果錶明,油膜在紫外波段的反射率和水存在較為明顯的差異,差異值主要由油種和油膜厚度所決定.該實驗方法同樣適用于真實溢油目標,這為今後利用紫外波段對海洋溢油進行遙感鑑測積纍瞭一定的理論和實驗基礎.
해양일유시일충파배성겁대적해양오염물,대타적감측일직시해양요감적중요내용지일,통과반사솔강약래구분일유구역화미오염해이즉위상용적방법.문장침대해양일유적자외반사특성전개연구,병건립료상응적광보측량실험계통,선택합괄적실험조건화배경후대해양일유적4충모의목표(기유、매유、시유、윤활유)적자외파단반사광보진행료측시.통과대실험수거적처리화분석,득도저4충모의목표재자외파단적반사특성,병화동양실험배경하측득적수반사특성진행료대비.실험결과표명,유막재자외파단적반사솔화수존재교위명현적차이,차이치주요유유충화유막후도소결정.해실험방법동양괄용우진실일유목표,저위금후이용자외파단대해양일유진행요감감측적루료일정적이론화실험기출.
The authors set up an experiment instrument to measure the ultraviolet (UV) characteristic of oil spill simulation targets for the marine oil spill After selecting appropriate conditions for experiments,the authors tested UV reflective spectrum of four simulation targets for oil spill (gasoline,kerosene,diesel fuel,lubricating oil).The authors calculated the UV absolute spectrum reflectivity of all testing targets from the standard white board as reference,whose UV reflectivity was given.With processing and analyzing the data from experiments,the authors got the reflective characteristics of them in contrast to the reflectivity of water,which was measured in the same conditions.All targets were tested from 320 to 400 nm,and UV reflectivity wave-band between 360 and 380 nm was representative.Testing data were shown as follows.(1) The reflectivity of water was from 5.3% to 5.5%.(2) When the thickness of oil film was 400 μm,the reflectivity of gasoline was from 8.5% to 8.8%,5.4%-5.8% for kerosene,8.3%-8.4% for diesel fuel,and 9.4%-9.7% for lubricating oil in the same wave-band between 360 and 380 nm.Correspondingly,the indeterminacy of reflectivity was 0.32%,0.45%,0.25%,and 0.33% respectively.(3) Hence the thickness of oil film changed,the rule of the UV reflectivity varied depending on the sort of oil spill The results show that there were some obvious reflectivity differences among oil films and water,which were mainly determined by the sort and thickness of oil film.This experiment method is also fit for the actual oil spill target,and it will fulfill some theory and experimental foundation for inspecting the marine oil spill by UV remote sensing in the future.