CAJ | 학술논문

目的测定抗菌药物对眼部常见致病菌的防耐药突变浓度(MPC).方法实验研究.采用微量肉汤倍比稀释法测定左旋氧氟沙星(LVF)、氧氟沙星(OFL)、环丙沙星(CIP)、诺氟沙星(NFL)、妥布霉素(TOB)及氯霉素(CHL)对40株眼部分离菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、铜绿假单胞菌及肺炎克雷伯杆菌各8株)的最低抑菌浓度(MIC);通过集菌法将细菌浓度提高到1.2×1010克隆形成单位/ml,接种其于水解酪蛋白胨(MH)肉汤及胰酶大豆(TSA)培养基中,测定致病菌的MPC.采用SPSS11.0软件,计算出MIC范围、MPC范围、90%MIC和90%MPC(即MIC90、MPC90)、选择指数(MPC90/MIC90)及突变选择窗(MSW,即MIC90与MPC90之间的浓度范围).结果 LVF和TOB对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC90最低(4 mg/L),CIP对绿脓杆菌的MIC90最低(0.25 mg/L),LVF对其他3种细菌(表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌及肺炎克雷伯杆菌)的MIC90最低(分别为256.00、1.00、0.25 mg/L);LVF对5种细菌的MPC90、MPC90/MIC90及MSW均最小.从整体趋势看出,CHL的MIC90最大,抗菌活性最弱;LVF的抗菌活性强,但对绿脓杆菌以CIP的抗菌活性最强.CHL和TOB的MPC90较大,防细菌突变能力弱于氟喹诺酮类药物;氟喹诺酮类药物中,以LVF的防细菌突变能力最强.结论左氧氟沙星对眼部分离菌既有较强的抗菌活性又有较强的防细菌突变能力.(中华眼科杂志,2009,45:61-65)
목적 측정항균약물대안부상견치병균적방내약돌변농도(MPC).방법 실험연구.채용미량육탕배비희석법측정좌선양불사성(LVF)、양불사성(OFL)、배병사성(CIP)、낙불사성(NFL)、타포매소(TOB)급록매소(CHL)대40주안부분리균(금황색포도구균、표피포도구균、폐염구균、동록가단포균급폐염극뢰백간균각8주)적최저억균농도(MIC);통과집균법장세균농도제고도1.2×1010극륭형성단위/ml,접충기우수해락단백동(MH)육탕급이매대두(TSA)배양기중,측정치병균적MPC.채용SPSS11.0연건,계산출MIC범위、MPC범위、90%MIC화90%MPC(즉MIC90、MPC90)、선택지수(MPC90/MIC90)급돌변선택창(MSW,즉MIC90여MPC90지간적농도범위).결과 LVF화TOB대금황색포도구균적MIC90최저(4 mg/L),CIP대록농간균적MIC90최저(0.25 mg/L),LVF대기타3충세균(표피포도구균、폐염구균급폐염극뢰백간균)적MIC90최저(분별위256.00、1.00、0.25 mg/L);LVF대5충세균적MPC90、MPC90/MIC90급MSW균최소.종정체추세간출,CHL적MIC90최대,항균활성최약;LVF적항균활성강,단대록농간균이CIP적항균활성최강.CHL화TOB적MPC90교대,방세균돌변능력약우불규낙동류약물;불규낙동류약물중,이LVF적방세균돌변능력최강.결론 좌양불사성대안부분리균기유교강적항균활성우유교강적방세균돌변능력.(중화안과잡지,2009,45:61-65)
Objective To establish a method to measure mutant prevention concentration (MPC) in vitro, and to measure MPC of antibacterial agents for ocular bacteria caused keratitis. Methods It was an experimental study. Forty strains of ocular bacteria were separated from cornea in Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology,which included 8 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the levofloxacin (LVF),ofloxacin (OFL),ciprofloxacin (CIP),norfloxacin (NFL), tobramycin (TOB) and chlormycetin (CHL) were determined by agar dilution method from National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standard (NCCLS). The MPC were measured by accumulate-bacterial methods with bacterial population inoculated more than 1.2×1010 colony forming units per milliliter with Mueller-Hinton broth and tryptic soy agar plate. With the software of SPSS 11.0,the datum such as the range of MIC, MPC, MIC90 and MPC90 were calculated, and the selection index (MPC90/ MIC90)and mutant selection window (MSW) were obtained. Results The MIC90 of INF and TOB(4 mg/L)to Staphylococcus aureus strains were the lowest. CIP showed the lowest MIC90(0.25 mg/L)to Pseudomonas aeruginosa among six kinds of antibacterial agents. The MIC90 of LVF to Staphylococcus epidermidis (256 mg/L),Streptococcus pneumoniae (1 mg/L) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (0.25 mg/L) were lower than other antibacterial agents. The MPC90, MSW and the MPC90/MIC90 of levofloxacin showed lower values compared with other antibacterial medicines. From all the datum, the MIC90 of CHL was the highest and the activity was the weakest. Although the activity of LVF was higher to every kind of bacteria, CIP had the highest activity antibacterial to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The capacity of CHL and TOB was weaker than Quinolones for restricting resistant mutants on ocular bacteria. LVF had the strongest capacity for restricting resistant mutants among Qulnolones. Conclusion LVF has better antibacterial effects and stronger capacity for restricting the selection of resistant mutants on ocular bacteria than other antibacterial agents. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2009,45:61-65)