中国烟草科学
中國煙草科學
중국연초과학
CHINESE TOBACCO SCIENCE
2009年
3期
28-32
,共5页
王毅%程君奇%蔡长春%林国平%黄文昌%周永碧%肖宗友
王毅%程君奇%蔡長春%林國平%黃文昌%週永碧%肖宗友
왕의%정군기%채장춘%림국평%황문창%주영벽%초종우
白肋烟%杂种优势%加性效应%显性效应%遗传率
白肋煙%雜種優勢%加性效應%顯性效應%遺傳率
백륵연%잡충우세%가성효응%현성효응%유전솔
burley tobacco%heterosis%additive effect%dominance effect%heritability
选用6个白肋烟品种,采用Griffing II双列杂交模型设计21个基因型处理,利用加-显模型研究分析白肋烟7个主要农艺性状的杂种优势及其遗传特性.结果表明,白肋烟杂种优势在性状间及杂交组合间的表现存在差异,其中株高具有较强的群体平均优势表现,群体平均优势结果与纯显性效应△值的分析结果一致,这表明除叶长外的6个农艺性状表现为正向杂种优势;7个农艺性状均未表现出明显的群体超亲优势,仅株高、节距表现出较小的正向群体超亲优势.7个性状的广义遗传率(HB)在0.18~0.58之间,表明白肋烟主要农艺性状的表型变异受环境及随机误差的影响较大;狭义遗传率(HN)大小顺序为,叶数>节距>叶宽>株高>茎叶角度>茎围、叶长.遗传效应方差分量估算结果表明,叶长的遗传变异主要表现显性效应,其余性状的遗传变异由加性效应和显性效应控制,性状叶数、叶宽、节距的基因型加性效应相对较高(P<0.01).
選用6箇白肋煙品種,採用Griffing II雙列雜交模型設計21箇基因型處理,利用加-顯模型研究分析白肋煙7箇主要農藝性狀的雜種優勢及其遺傳特性.結果錶明,白肋煙雜種優勢在性狀間及雜交組閤間的錶現存在差異,其中株高具有較彊的群體平均優勢錶現,群體平均優勢結果與純顯性效應△值的分析結果一緻,這錶明除葉長外的6箇農藝性狀錶現為正嚮雜種優勢;7箇農藝性狀均未錶現齣明顯的群體超親優勢,僅株高、節距錶現齣較小的正嚮群體超親優勢.7箇性狀的廣義遺傳率(HB)在0.18~0.58之間,錶明白肋煙主要農藝性狀的錶型變異受環境及隨機誤差的影響較大;狹義遺傳率(HN)大小順序為,葉數>節距>葉寬>株高>莖葉角度>莖圍、葉長.遺傳效應方差分量估算結果錶明,葉長的遺傳變異主要錶現顯性效應,其餘性狀的遺傳變異由加性效應和顯性效應控製,性狀葉數、葉寬、節距的基因型加性效應相對較高(P<0.01).
선용6개백륵연품충,채용Griffing II쌍렬잡교모형설계21개기인형처리,이용가-현모형연구분석백륵연7개주요농예성상적잡충우세급기유전특성.결과표명,백륵연잡충우세재성상간급잡교조합간적표현존재차이,기중주고구유교강적군체평균우세표현,군체평균우세결과여순현성효응△치적분석결과일치,저표명제협장외적6개농예성상표현위정향잡충우세;7개농예성상균미표현출명현적군체초친우세,부주고、절거표현출교소적정향군체초친우세.7개성상적엄의유전솔(HB)재0.18~0.58지간,표명백륵연주요농예성상적표형변이수배경급수궤오차적영향교대;협의유전솔(HN)대소순서위,협수>절거>협관>주고>경협각도>경위、협장.유전효응방차분량고산결과표명,협장적유전변이주요표현현성효응,기여성상적유전변이유가성효응화현성효응공제,성상협수、협관、절거적기인형가성효응상대교고(P<0.01).
Based on A-D genetic model the heterosis and genetic characteristics of 7 agronomic traits were studied for 6 burley tobacco varieties. 21 genotypes designed by Griffing II diallel cross method. The results showed that the heterosis varied in different agronomic traits and different crossing combinations. Population heterosis over parent mean (Hpm) was in accordance with the △ value of homozygous dominance effects, which indicated that six agronomic traits except the length of middle leaves, including plant height with greater Hpm, stalk circumference, node length, angle of leaf and inflorescence, leaf number and the width of middle leaves had a great positive heterosis. Number of crosses conferred no significant population heterosis over parent better (Hpb) for all seven agronomic traits. Plant height and node length had a little positive Hpb. General heritability in the broad sense (HB) was 0.18~0.58, which implied that phenotypic variations of all seven agronomic traits were mainly controlled by environmental effects and random errors. Leaf number had higher general heritability in the narrow sense (HN), followed by node length, the width of middle leaves, plant height, angle of leaf and inflorescence, stalk circumference and the length of middle leaves, respectively. The unbiased estimate results of genetic random effect variance components showed that only dominance effect controlled the genetic variation of the length of middle leaves, and additive effect and dominance effect did the genetic variation of other agronomic traits. For plants height, the width of middle leaves and node length, their additive effects were significantly different at 0.01 probability levels among these varieties.