中华儿科杂志
中華兒科雜誌
중화인과잡지
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
2011年
4期
249-254
,共6页
应爱娟%舒小莉%顾伟忠%黄先玫%帅向华%杨玲蓉%江米足
應愛娟%舒小莉%顧偉忠%黃先玫%帥嚮華%楊玲蓉%江米足
응애연%서소리%고위충%황선매%수향화%양령용%강미족
空肠%刷状缘%乳糖酶%锌缺乏
空腸%刷狀緣%乳糖酶%鋅缺乏
공장%쇄상연%유당매%자결핍
Jejunum%Brush border%Lactase%Zinc deficiency
目的 了解锌缺乏对大鼠小肠黏膜形态和消化酶活性的影响.方法 3周龄刚断乳SD雄性大鼠30只,随机分成3组,每组10只:正常组自由食用含锌30μg/g正常饲料;缺锌组自由食用含锌0.4μg/g的缺锌饲料(参照AIN-76配方);配饲组食用正常饲料,但进食量限制为缺锌组大鼠前1天的进食量,各组自由饮用去离子水.每日清晨称大鼠体重并记录前1天的进食量,观察有无厌食、腹泻、皮炎、生长迟缓等缺锌的症状.2周后处死,检测血清锌的浓度;留取空肠黏膜作病理切片和HE染色,测定空肠黏膜绒毛高度和隐窝深度的比例;检测空肠黏膜刷状缘乳糖酶、γ谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)和氨基寡肽酶(APN)的活性.结果 实验开始时正常组、缺锌组、配饲组大鼠的平均体重分别为(67.4±5.3)g、(64.7±4.8)g和(66.5±4.1)g,平均日进食量分别为(11.2±1.0)g、(11.6±1.6)g和(11.2±1.4)g,差异均无统计学意义.实验第7天缺锌组平均进食量与正常组和配饲组差异不明显,而平均体重则明显低于正常组和配饲组(P＜0.01);而2周实验结束时缺锌组平均体重为(112.0±11.5)g,明显低于正常组和配饲组的(164.0±15.9)g、(137.5±16.2)g;缺锌组平均进食量(13.4±5.1)g明显低于正常组的(18.2±2.4)g,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.01).缺锌组血清锌的含量(733±231)μg/L明显低于正常组的(1553±159)μg/L和配饲组的(1457±216)μg/L(P＜0.01).三组大鼠空肠黏膜绒毛高度与隐窝深度比例分别为(2.98±0.5)、(2.77±0.5)和(2.81±0.7);乳糖酶活性分别为(26.1±15.0)U/mg、(27.4±12.8)U/mg和(40.8±18.5)U/mg,差异均无统计学意义.缺锌组空肠黏膜GGT为(12.7±6.5)U/g明显低于正常组的(19.1±10.4)U/g和配饲组的(18.5±7.7)U/g,但差异无统计学意义;缺锌组空肠黏膜APN(25.5±7.5)U/g明显低于正常组的(48.7±16.8)U/g和配饲组的(43.9±14.5)U/g,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 锌缺乏可致食欲下降、体重减轻,可引起空肠黏膜刷状缘肽酶活性下降,但对绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比例和乳糖酶活性影响不大,表明锌缺乏最先影响的可能是蛋白质的消化与吸收功能.
目的 瞭解鋅缺乏對大鼠小腸黏膜形態和消化酶活性的影響.方法 3週齡剛斷乳SD雄性大鼠30隻,隨機分成3組,每組10隻:正常組自由食用含鋅30μg/g正常飼料;缺鋅組自由食用含鋅0.4μg/g的缺鋅飼料(參照AIN-76配方);配飼組食用正常飼料,但進食量限製為缺鋅組大鼠前1天的進食量,各組自由飲用去離子水.每日清晨稱大鼠體重併記錄前1天的進食量,觀察有無厭食、腹瀉、皮炎、生長遲緩等缺鋅的癥狀.2週後處死,檢測血清鋅的濃度;留取空腸黏膜作病理切片和HE染色,測定空腸黏膜絨毛高度和隱窩深度的比例;檢測空腸黏膜刷狀緣乳糖酶、γ穀氨酰轉肽酶(GGT)和氨基寡肽酶(APN)的活性.結果 實驗開始時正常組、缺鋅組、配飼組大鼠的平均體重分彆為(67.4±5.3)g、(64.7±4.8)g和(66.5±4.1)g,平均日進食量分彆為(11.2±1.0)g、(11.6±1.6)g和(11.2±1.4)g,差異均無統計學意義.實驗第7天缺鋅組平均進食量與正常組和配飼組差異不明顯,而平均體重則明顯低于正常組和配飼組(P＜0.01);而2週實驗結束時缺鋅組平均體重為(112.0±11.5)g,明顯低于正常組和配飼組的(164.0±15.9)g、(137.5±16.2)g;缺鋅組平均進食量(13.4±5.1)g明顯低于正常組的(18.2±2.4)g,差異有統計學意義(P均＜0.01).缺鋅組血清鋅的含量(733±231)μg/L明顯低于正常組的(1553±159)μg/L和配飼組的(1457±216)μg/L(P＜0.01).三組大鼠空腸黏膜絨毛高度與隱窩深度比例分彆為(2.98±0.5)、(2.77±0.5)和(2.81±0.7);乳糖酶活性分彆為(26.1±15.0)U/mg、(27.4±12.8)U/mg和(40.8±18.5)U/mg,差異均無統計學意義.缺鋅組空腸黏膜GGT為(12.7±6.5)U/g明顯低于正常組的(19.1±10.4)U/g和配飼組的(18.5±7.7)U/g,但差異無統計學意義;缺鋅組空腸黏膜APN(25.5±7.5)U/g明顯低于正常組的(48.7±16.8)U/g和配飼組的(43.9±14.5)U/g,差異有統計學意義(P＜0.01).結論 鋅缺乏可緻食欲下降、體重減輕,可引起空腸黏膜刷狀緣肽酶活性下降,但對絨毛高度與隱窩深度的比例和乳糖酶活性影響不大,錶明鋅缺乏最先影響的可能是蛋白質的消化與吸收功能.
목적 료해자결핍대대서소장점막형태화소화매활성적영향.방법 3주령강단유SD웅성대서30지,수궤분성3조,매조10지:정상조자유식용함자30μg/g정상사료;결자조자유식용함자0.4μg/g적결자사료(삼조AIN-76배방);배사조식용정상사료,단진식량한제위결자조대서전1천적진식량,각조자유음용거리자수.매일청신칭대서체중병기록전1천적진식량,관찰유무염식、복사、피염、생장지완등결자적증상.2주후처사,검측혈청자적농도;류취공장점막작병리절편화HE염색,측정공장점막융모고도화은와심도적비례;검측공장점막쇄상연유당매、γ곡안선전태매(GGT)화안기과태매(APN)적활성.결과 실험개시시정상조、결자조、배사조대서적평균체중분별위(67.4±5.3)g、(64.7±4.8)g화(66.5±4.1)g,평균일진식량분별위(11.2±1.0)g、(11.6±1.6)g화(11.2±1.4)g,차이균무통계학의의.실험제7천결자조평균진식량여정상조화배사조차이불명현,이평균체중칙명현저우정상조화배사조(P＜0.01);이2주실험결속시결자조평균체중위(112.0±11.5)g,명현저우정상조화배사조적(164.0±15.9)g、(137.5±16.2)g;결자조평균진식량(13.4±5.1)g명현저우정상조적(18.2±2.4)g,차이유통계학의의(P균＜0.01).결자조혈청자적함량(733±231)μg/L명현저우정상조적(1553±159)μg/L화배사조적(1457±216)μg/L(P＜0.01).삼조대서공장점막융모고도여은와심도비례분별위(2.98±0.5)、(2.77±0.5)화(2.81±0.7);유당매활성분별위(26.1±15.0)U/mg、(27.4±12.8)U/mg화(40.8±18.5)U/mg,차이균무통계학의의.결자조공장점막GGT위(12.7±6.5)U/g명현저우정상조적(19.1±10.4)U/g화배사조적(18.5±7.7)U/g,단차이무통계학의의;결자조공장점막APN(25.5±7.5)U/g명현저우정상조적(48.7±16.8)U/g화배사조적(43.9±14.5)U/g,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.01).결론 자결핍가치식욕하강、체중감경,가인기공장점막쇄상연태매활성하강,단대융모고도여은와심도적비례화유당매활성영향불대,표명자결핍최선영향적가능시단백질적소화여흡수공능.
Objective In this study,a growing rat model of zinc deficiency was established to investigate the effect of zinc deficiency on intestinal mucosal morphology and digestive enzyme activity as well as to provide a scientific basis for zinc supplementation therapy in patients with diarrhea.Method Threeweek-old weaned Sprague-Dawley male rats(n =30)were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 in each:rats in the control group(ZA)were fed with a normal diet containing 30 μg/g zinc; rats in the zinc deficient group(ZD)were fed with a zinc-deficient diet containing 0.4 μg/g zinc(refer to AIN-76 formula); and rats in the paired fed group(PF)were fed with a normal diet,but the food intake was limited to intake of rats in ZD group in the previous day.All rats were provided with deionized water for drinking.Their body weight was measured and the food intake during the previous day was recorded early in the morning of the following day.Symptoms of zinc deficiency,such as anorexia,diarrhea,dermatitis,and growth retardation,were observed. Two weeks later,the rats were sacrificed and serum zinc concentration was measured.Jejunal mucosa was taken for biopsy and was stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE).The height ratio of the jejunal mucosal villi and crypts was measured.In addition,the activity of lactase in the jejunal mucosal brush border,γ-glutamyl peptidase(GGT),and aminopeptidase N(APN)were measured.Result The average weight of the rats in the ZA,ZD,and PF groups at the beginning of the experiment was(67.4±5.3)g,(64.7±4.8)g,and(66.5±4.1)g,respectively,and the average daily food intake was (11.2±1.0)g,(11.6±1.6)g,and(11.2±1.4)g,respectively.The intergroup differences were not significant.On the 7th day of experiment,no significant differences in average food intake were observed between the ZD group and the ZA and PF groups,but the average body weight in the ZD group was significantly lower than that in the ZA and PF groups(P＜0.01).At the end of the experiment(2 weeks),the average weight in the ZD group(112.0±11.5)g was significantly lower than that in the ZA(164.0±15.9)g and PF groups(137.5±16.2)g.The average food intake in the ZD group(13.4±5.1)g was significantly lower than that in the ZA group(18.2±2.4)g(P＜0.01).Serum zinc level in the ZD group(733±231)μg/L was significantly lower than that in the ZA(1553±159)μg/L and PF groups (1457±216)μg/L(P＜0.01).The height ratio of jejunal mucosa villus and crypt in the ZA,ZD,and PF groups was 2.98±0.5,2.77±0.5,and 2.81±0.7,respectively,and lactase activity was(26.1±15.0)U/mg,(27.4±12.8)U/mg,and(40.8±18.5)U/mg,respectively,without significant intergroup differences.The GGT activity in the jejunal mucosa in the ZD group(12.7±6.5)U/g was significantly lower than that in the ZA(19.1±10.4)U/g and PF groups(18.5±7.7)U/g,but the difference was not significant.The activity of APN in the jejunal mucosa in the ZD group(25.5±7.5)U/g was significantly lower than that in the ZA(48.7±16.8)U/g and PF groups(43.9±14.5)U/g(P＜0.01).Conclusion Zinc deficiency can cause loss of appetite,weight loss,and decreased activity of peptidase in the jejunal mucosal brush border.Zinc deficiency has little effect on the height ratio of the villus and crypt and lactase activity,thereby indicating that zinc deficiency may first affect protein digestion and bsorption.
