CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查分析汶川大地震3个月后灾区婴幼儿、学龄前儿童、小学生、孕妇、乳母的营养状况.方法 2008年8月,在四川省茂县和绵竹、甘肃省康县和武都区部分乡镇村安置点,进行问卷调查、体格测量,同时测定血红蛋白含量,收集特殊人群的营养与健康状况信息,评价其营养状况.共调查36月龄以下婴幼儿236名,学龄前儿童48名,小学生368名,孕妇32名,乳母72名.调查了36月龄以下婴幼儿、学龄前儿童和小学生低体重率、生长迟缓率、贫血患病率、两周腹泻和呼吸道疾病患病率、食物摄入情况和营养相关疾病患病率,以及孕妇、乳母的贫血患病率、营养相关疾病患病率.结果 36月龄以下婴幼儿生长迟缓率为14.6%(34/236),贫血患病率为40.1%(61/236);两周内呼吸道疾病患病率为40.4%(95/236),腹泻患病率为30.2%(71/236).学龄前儿童低体重率为14.6%(7/48),生长迟缓率为14.6%(7/48),贫血患病率为39.6%(19/48).在校小学生生长迟缓率为6.3%(23/368),贫血患病率为12.2%(45/368).孕妇贫血率为53.9%(17/32).24.4%(18/72)的乳母患有贫血;45.8%(33/72)乳母的食物构成以谷类蔬菜为主,吃不到畜禽肉、水产类食品、蛋类、豆类及其制品、奶类及其制品的乳母分别为29名(40.3%)、32名(44.4%)、28名(38.9%)和53名(73.6%).结论灾区特殊人群存在不同程度的营养不良状况,且膳食结构以植物性食物为主,肉类、蛋类和奶类的消费相对不足.
목적 조사분석문천대지진3개월후재구영유인、학령전인동、소학생、잉부、유모적영양상황.방법 2008년8월,재사천성무현화면죽、감숙성강현화무도구부분향진촌안치점,진행문권조사、체격측량,동시측정혈홍단백함량,수집특수인군적영양여건강상황신식,평개기영양상황.공조사36월령이하영유인236명,학령전인동48명,소학생368명,잉부32명,유모72명.조사료36월령이하영유인、학령전인동화소학생저체중솔、생장지완솔、빈혈환병솔、량주복사화호흡도질병환병솔、식물섭입정황화영양상관질병환병솔,이급잉부、유모적빈혈환병솔、영양상관질병환병솔.결과 36월령이하영유인생장지완솔위14.6%(34/236),빈혈환병솔위40.1%(61/236);량주내호흡도질병환병솔위40.4%(95/236),복사환병솔위30.2%(71/236).학령전인동저체중솔위14.6%(7/48),생장지완솔위14.6%(7/48),빈혈환병솔위39.6%(19/48).재교소학생생장지완솔위6.3%(23/368),빈혈환병솔위12.2%(45/368).잉부빈혈솔위53.9%(17/32).24.4%(18/72)적유모환유빈혈;45.8%(33/72)유모적식물구성이곡류소채위주,흘불도축금육、수산류식품、단류、두류급기제품、내류급기제품적유모분별위29명(40.3%)、32명(44.4%)、28명(38.9%)화53명(73.6%).결론 재구특수인군존재불동정도적영양불량상황,차선식결구이식물성식물위주,육류、단류화내류적소비상대불족.
Objective To investigate and analyze the nutritional status of infants,preschool and primary school students, pregnant and lactating women in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area after 3 months. Methods In August 2008,the nutritional and health status information of special population were collected and evaluated using the questionnaires, anthropometric and hemoglobin concentration measurements from four settlements of villages and towns in Mao and Mianzhu Country of Sichuan and Kang Country and Wudu District in Gansu provinces. A total of 236 infants aged below 36 months,48 preschool children, 368 primary students,32 pregnant women and 72 lactating women were investigated. Principal investigator indexes included the low body weight, growth retardation, anemia prevalence, two-week prevalence of diarrhea and respiratory disease, food intake and nutrition-related diseases, the percentage of patients morbidity of 36 months infants, preschool and primary school students; the prevalence of anemia, the prevalence of nutritionrelated diseases of pregnant and lactating women. Results The stunting prevalence was 14. 6% (34/236) and the anemia prevalence was up to 40. 1% (61/236) among infants younger than 36 months. Besides,the percentages of infants and young children suffered from the respiratory-infected disease and diarrhea within recent two weeks were 40. 4% (95/236) and 30. 2% (71/236) respectively. The percentage of low body weight of preschool children was 14. 6% (7/48) and the growth retardation and anemia prevalence was 14. 6% (7/48) and 39.6% (19/48) ,respectively. Among primary students,6. 3% (23/368) showed growth retardation and 12. 2% (45/368) were anemia. The prevalence of anemia status of pregnant women and lactating mothers were 53.9% (17/32) and 24.4% (18/72) respectively. The main food composition of 45. 8% (33/72) lactating women were grain and vegetables,29 (40. 3 % ) ,32 (44. 4% ) ,28 ( 38.9% )and 53 (73.6%) lactating women did not have animal originated (including meat, aquatic,livestock and poultry products) food, eggs, beans and their products, milk and dairy products, respectively. Conclusion Special population lived in disaster area have suffered different degree of malnutrition. The main dietary pattern was vegetable food. The consumption of meat, eggs, milk and milk products was relatively insufficient.